Api Health Dictionary

Api: From 1 Different Sources


The Annual Parasitic Index per 1000 population in obtained by dividing positive cases (x 1000) by total population.
Health Source: Dictionary of Tropical Medicine
Author: Health Dictionary

Apicectomy

Apicectomy is the minor operation carried out to try to save a tooth which has an ABSCESS on it or which does not respond to root treatment. In this, the abscess and the APEX of the tooth are removed.... apicectomy

Apicomplexa

Sporozoan protozoa which have no organs of locomotion. Includes the malaria parasites (Plasmodium) and Toxoplasma.... apicomplexa

Apio

Celery (Apium graveolens variety dulce).

Plant Part Used: Stalk, leaves, roots, seeds.

Dominican Medicinal Uses: The stalks and leaves are traditionally eaten raw or taken as a juice for treating obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes and menopausal hot flashes.

Safety: The stalks, leaf and root are widely consumed and generally considered safe. Cases of allergic reaction to the root have been reported. Plants infected with pink rot fungus can cause phototoxicoses.

Contraindications: Internal use of the seeds and essential oil are contraindicated during pregnancy (emmenagoge, abortifacient, uterine stimulating effects) and patients with renal disorders (potential kidney-irritating effect of oil).

Drug Interactions: Celery seeds and seed extract: anticoagulants, warfarin (risk of bleeding, drug potentiation); thyroxine (lowered T4 levels).

Laboratory & Preclinical Data: In vivo: anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive (plant extract); hepatoprotective (seeds).

In vitro: antimicrobial, antioxidant (plant extract); cercaricidal (essential oil); vasodilation (chemical constituent).

* See entry for Apio in “Part 3: Dominican Medicinal Plant Profiles” of this book for more information, including references.... apio

Apirka

(Gaelic) One who is pleasant and agreeable... apirka

Apium Graveolens

Linn.

Family: Umbelliferae; Apiaceae.

Habitat: Native to Europe; cultivated in northwestern Himalayas and in hills of Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and southern India.

English: Celery.

Ayurvedic: Ajmodaa, Ajmoda, Ajmodikaa, Dipyaka.

Unani: Karafs.

Siddha/Tamil: Celery-keerai.

Folk: Ajmodaa.

Action: Anti-inflammatory (used in rheumatic disorders, inflammation of the urinary tract), diuretic, carminative, nervine, sedative, antiemetic, antispasmodic, antiseptic (used in bronchitis, asthma, as well as liver and spleen diseases), emmenagogue. Essential oil from seeds—tranquilizer, anticonvulsant, antifungal. Seeds are used in the treatment of chronic skin disorders including psoriasis.

Key application: As diuretic. (The British Herbal Pharmacopoeia.)

Celery yields an essential oil (3%), major constituent being d-limonene (50%) and phathalides and beta-seli- nene; coumarins, furanocoumarins (bergapten); flavonoids (apiin and api- genin). Alkaloid fraction of seeds showed tranquilizing activity in animals. The phthalides are sedative in mice and exhibit antiepileptic activity in rats and mice. The aqueous extract of the celery has been shown to reduce adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats, and to be hypotensive in patients as well as animals. The tincture of the plant exhibits drop in blood pressure accompanied by an increase in urine output.... apium graveolens

Apium Leptophyllum

(Pers.) F. Muell. ex Benth.

Family: Umbelliferae.

Habitat: Native to America; cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka.

Ayurvedic: Ajmodaa, Dipyaka.

Unani: Ajmod, Karafs-e-Hindi.

Siddha: Omam.

Action: See Apium graveolens.

The essential oil contains Meethers of thymol, carvacrol and thymoquinol; used as a carminative. The oil shows strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans, and moderate activity against Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria.

Dosage: Dried fruit—3-6 g powder. (API Vol. II.)... apium leptophyllum

Apical Abscess

an infection in the bone around the apex of a tooth. An acute abscess is extremely painful and if left untreated may cause swelling of the jaw and sometimes the face. A chronic abscess may be completely asymptomatic. An abscess invariably results from damage to and infection of the pulp of the tooth. Treatment is drainage and *root canal treatment or extraction of the tooth; antibiotics may give temporary relief. If left untreated, the infection may spread, resulting in severe complications and even mortality.... apical abscess



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