Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis Health Dictionary

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: From 1 Different Sources


the presence of thrombosis in the dural venous sinuses, which drain blood from the brain. Symptoms may include headache, abnormal vision, any of the symptoms of stroke (such as weakness of the face and limbs on one side of the body), and seizures. Treatment is with anticoagulants.
Health Source: Oxford | Concise Colour Medical Dictionary
Author: Jonathan Law, Elizabeth Martin

Thrombosis

A blood clot that may partially or wholly block the flow of blood through a blood vessel... thrombosis

Cerebral Palsy

The term used to describe a group of conditions characterised by varying degrees of paralysis and originating in infancy or early childhood. In some 80 per cent of cases this takes the form of spastic paralysis (muscle sti?ness), hence the now obsolete lay description of sufferers as ‘spastics’. The incidence is believed to be around 2 or 2·5 per 1,000 of the childhood community. In the majority of cases the abnormality dates from well before birth: among the factors are some genetic malformation of the brain, a congenital defect of the brain, or some adverse e?ect on the fetal brain as by infection during pregnancy. Among the factors during birth that may be responsible is prolonged lack of oxygen such as can occur during a di?cult labour; this may be the cause in up to 15 per cent of cases. In some 10–15 per cent of cases the condition is acquired after birth, when it may be due to KERNICTERUS, infection of the brain, cerebral thrombosis or embolism, or trauma. Acute illness in infancy, such as meningitis, may result in cerebral palsy.

The disease manifests itself in many ways. It may not be ?nally diagnosed and characterised until the infant is two years old, but may be apparent much earlier – even soon after birth. The child may be spastic or ?accid, or the slow, writhing involuntary movements known as athetosis may be the predominant feature. These involuntary movements often disappear during sleep and may be controlled, or even abolished, in some cases by training the child to relax. The paralysis varies tremendously. It may involve the limbs on one side of the body (hemiplegia), both lower limbs (paraplegia), or all four limbs (DIPLEGIA and QUADRIPLEGIA). Learning disability (with an IQ under 70) is present in around 75 per cent of all children but children with diplegia or athetoid symptoms may have normal or even high intelligence. Associated problems may include hearing or visual disability, behavioural problems and epilepsy.

The outlook for life is good, only the more severely affected cases dying in infancy. Although there is no cure, much can be done to help these disabled children, particularly if the condition is detected at an early stage. Assistance is available from NHS developmental and assessment clinics, supervised by community paediatricians and involving a team approach from experts in education, physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech training. In this way many of these handicapped children reach adulthood able to lead near-normal lives. Much help in dealing with these children can be obtained from SCOPE (formerly the Spastics Society), and Advice Service Capability Scotland (ASCS).... cerebral palsy

Coronary Thrombosis

See HEART, DISEASES OF.... coronary thrombosis

Sinus

A term applied to narrow cavities of various kinds, occurring naturally in the body, or resulting from disease. Thus it is applied to the air-containing cavities which are found in the frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal and maxillary bones of the SKULL, and which communicate with the NOSE. The function of these paranasal sinuses, as they are known, is doubtful, but they do lighten the skull and add resonance to the voice. They enlarge considerably around puberty and in this way are a factor in the alteration of the size and shape of the face. The term is also used in connection with the wide spaces through which the blood circulates in the membranes (MENINGES) of the BRAIN. Cavities which are produced when an ABSCESS has burst, but remain unhealed, are also known as sinuses (see also FISTULA).... sinus

Cavernous Sinus

A channel for venous blood placed either side of the sphenoid bone at the base of the SKULL behind the eye sockets. Blood drains into it from the eye, the nose, the brain and part of the cheek, and leaves via the internal jugular and facial veins. Sometimes the sinus becomes blocked by a blood clot (thrombus), usually a complication of a nearby bacterial infection. A potentially serious condition, it should be treated with thrombolysis and antibiotics.... cavernous sinus

Central Venous Pressure

The pressure of blood within the right atrium of the HEART as measured by a catheter and manometer.... central venous pressure

Frontal Sinus

One of the airspaces that form the paranasal sinuses (see SINUS) within some of the frontal bones of the skull. These sinuses are lined with mucous membrane and open into the nasal cavity.... frontal sinus

Sinus Tachycardia

A regular heart rate of 100 or more beats a minute, caused by increased electrical activity in the SINOATRIAL NODE (see also HEART). This level of tachycardia is normal during and just after exercise, and may also be caused by stress or anxiety. If tachycardia persists when the person is resting, it may be due to underlying disease such as thyrotoxicosis (see under THYROID GLAND, DISEASES OF) and investigation is advisable.... sinus tachycardia

Cerebral Haemorrhage

Bleeding within the brain due to a ruptured blood vessel (see intracerebral haemorrhage; stroke).... cerebral haemorrhage

Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis

Thrombosis arising in the cavernous sinus of the sphenoid bone in the head.

Cause: Septicaemia or infected embolism conveyed from elsewhere – veins of the face, sinuses, head. May be a complication of meningitis.

Symptoms: headache, nausea, swelling of eyelids and forehead, pupils distended, veins of temples prominent, fever with severe constitutional disturbance.

Prognosis: usually fatal in the absence of orthodox antibiotics, but anti-staphylococcal herbs are helpful. Tinctures. Formula. Echinacea 3; Goldenseal 2; Myrrh (Tincture) 1. 1 teaspoon in water every 2 hours (acute). Thrice daily (chronic).

Treatment by or in liaison with general medical practitioner. ... cavernous sinus thrombosis

Deep Vein Thrombosis

See thrombosis, deep vein.... deep vein thrombosis

Cerebral Thrombosis

Formation of a blood clot within vessels of the brain. May be due to atheroma or embolism causing a blockage resulting in hypoxia (oxygen deficiency).

Alternatives. Teas. Lime flowers, Nettles, Horsetail, Ginkgo, Oats, Mistletoe, Yarrow.

Tea. Mix equal parts: Ginkgo, Hawthorn, Yarrow. One heaped teaspoon to each cup boiling water; infuse 5-10 minutes; 1 cup thrice daily.

Tablets/capsules. Ginkgo, Hawthorn, Prickly Ash.

Diet. See: DIET–HEART AND CIRCULATION.

Supplements. Daily: Vitamin E 1000mg; B6 50mg; B12 2mcg. Selenium 200mcg; Zinc 15mg. Strict bedrest; regulate bowels; avoid excessive physical and mental exertion. ... cerebral thrombosis

Arterio-venous Aneurysm

An abnormal communication between an artery and a vein. It is usually the result of an injury, such as a stab or a gunshot wound, which involves both a neighbouring artery and vein.... arterio-venous aneurysm

Deep Vein Thrombosis (dvt)

See THROMBOSIS; VEINS, DISEASES OF.... deep vein thrombosis (dvt)

Paranasal Sinus

Sited within some of the bones of the SKULL, these are spaces ?lled with air and lined by MUCOUS MEMBRANE. The sinuses comprise frontal and maxillary (a pair of each), ethmoidal (a group of small spaces), and two sphenoid sinuses. They drain into the nasal cavities (see NOSE). When a person has an upper respiratory infection, the sinuses sometimes become infected: this causes pain, purulent discharge from the nose and obstruction of the nasal passages (see SINUSITIS). Generally all that is required is a decongestant and antibiotic but, occasionally, infection may spread to produce a cerebral abscess or cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (see BRAIN, DISEASES OF).... paranasal sinus

Pilonoidal Sinus

A SINUS that contains hairs, usually occurring in the cleft between the buttocks. It may get infected and cause considerable pain. Treatment is by antibiotics and, if necessary, surgical removal.... pilonoidal sinus

Venous

Pertaining to the veins, or more broadly to include both venous AND lymphatic circulation.... venous

Venous Stasis

Having congested venous blood and lymph. Usually a larger condition effecting tissue or organ function, as opposed to the more vascular implications of venosities and varicosities.... venous stasis

Venous Ulcer

See under ULCER.... venous ulcer

Tea For Sinus Congestion

Sinus congestion causes a stuffy sensation in your nose as well as in your throat. This affection consists of mucus accumulations in your respiratory ways and it can be triggered by many problems, from colds, flu, to pulmonary edema and some types of cancer. However, in order to find out more about what’s bothering your health, schedule an appointment with your doctor and don’t try to medicate yourself. How a Tea for Sinus Congestion Works A Tea for Sinus Congestion’s main purpose is to dissolve all mucus accumulations and bring relief to your pain. The active constituents in these teas have an important acids and mineral level that could calm the affected areas and induce a state of calmness to your entire body. Efficient Tea for Sinus Congestion In order to work properly, a Tea for Sinus Congestion needs to be both efficient and one hundred percent safe. A tea that is rich in tannins, nutrients, antioxidant, natural enzymes and minerals (magnesium, iron, manganese) could be a perfect choice, especially because it can treat other diseases as well. But if you don’t know which teas have the ability to treat your problems, here’s a list to choose from: - Eucalyptus Tea – is well known thanks to its capacity to dissolve mucus accumulations and restore the initial health. Eucalyptus is also used as an ingredient for the international cuisine as well as in the cosmetic industry to produce face cleansers and anti-aging creams. However, don’t drink more than 3 cups per day in order to avoid developing teeth soreness. - Peppermint Tea – is a well known panacea with a lovely fragrance and a pleasant taste which can dissolve inflammations and prevent them from forming again. You can also use it to treat colds, flu, sore throats, diarrhea, gastritis, fever and menstrual pains. Plus, it’s one hundred percent safe, so you can drink as much as you want. - Echinacea Tea –this Tea for Sinus Congestion stimulates the production of blood cells and antibodies to flush all infection triggers out of your system. A recent study showed recently that people who took a treatment based on Echinacea healed their problems better than other people who only took traditional pills! So next time you’re looking for sinus congestion remedies, check out the teashops instead of pharmacies! Tea for Sinus Congestion Side Effects When taken properly, these teas are generally safe. However, exceeding the number of cups recommended per day may lead to a number of affections, such as upset stomach, vomiting or skin rash. Talk to your doctor or to an herbalist before starting any type of herbal remedies and be well informed of the risks! If you’ve been taking one of these teas for a while and you’re experiencing some unusual reactions, ask for medical assistance as soon as possible! If you have the green light from your doctor and there’s nothing that could go wrong, choose a Tea for Sinus Congestion that fits best your medical problems and enjoy its benefits!... tea for sinus congestion

Sick Sinus Syndrome

Abnormal function of the heart’s sinoatrial node that leads to episodes of bradycardia (slow heart-rate), alternating bradycardia and tachycardia (fast heart-rate), or very short episodes of cardiac arrest.

The cause is usually coronary artery disease, but may be a cardiomyopathy.

Symptoms may include lightheadedness, fainting, and palpitations.

The diagnosis is confirmed by a 24-hour ECG recording.

Treatment is usually by antiarrhythmic drugs and the fitting of an artificial pacemaker.... sick sinus syndrome

Sinus Bradycardia

A slow, but regular heart-rate (less than 60 beats per minute) caused by reduced electrical activity in the sinoatrial node. Sinus bradycardia is normal in athletes, but in others it may be caused by hypothyroidism, a myocardial infarction, or by drugs such as beta-blockers or digoxin.... sinus bradycardia

Sinus, Facial

Any of the air-filled cavities in the bones surrounding the nose. These include 2 frontal sinuses in the

lower forehead; 2 ethmoidal sinuses between the eyes; 2 maxillary sinuses in the cheekbones; and the sphenoidal sinuses in the skull behind the nose. Mucus drains from each sinus along a channel that opens into the nose. Infection of a sinus causes sinusitis.... sinus, facial

Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage

a congenital abnormality in which the pulmonary veins enter the right atrium or vena cava instead of draining into the left atrium. The clinical features are those of an *atrial septal defect.... anomalous pulmonary venous drainage

Carotid Sinus

a pocket in the wall of the carotid artery, at its division in the neck, containing receptors that monitor blood pressure (see baroreceptor). When blood pressure is raised, impulses travel from the receptors to the vasomotor centre in the brain, which initiates a reflex *vasodilatation and slowing of heart rate to lower the blood pressure to normal.... carotid sinus

Thrombosis, Deep Vein

The formation of a thrombus within deep-lying veins in the leg. The cause is usually a combination of slow blood flow through 1 part of the body (such as when sitting for long periods or when the tissues are compressed, as occurs in long-haul aircraft flights) and an increase in the clotting tendency of the blood, which occurs with dehydration, after surgery or injury, during pregnancy, and in women taking oral contraceptives. Deep vein thrombosis may also be caused by polycythaemia. Deep vein thrombosis is common in people with heart failure and those who have had a stroke or who have been immobile for long periods. Clots in the leg veins may cause pain, tenderness, swelling, discoloration, and ulceration of the skin, but they can be symptomless. A deep vein thrombosis is not necessarily serious in itself, but part of the clot may break off and travel in the bloodstream to the lungs. This is known as a pulmonary embolism.

A diagnosis is made by doppler ultrasound scanning.

Treatment depends on the site and extent of the clots.

Small clots may not need treatment if they are confined to the calf and the patient is mobile.

Otherwise, anticoagulant drugs or thrombolytic drugs are given.

If there is a high risk of a pulmonary embolism, thrombectomy may be performed.... thrombosis, deep vein

Central Venous Catheter

an intravenous catheter for insertion directly into a large vein, most commonly the subclavian vein, during its passage under the clavicle, or the jugular in the neck. Such catheters can also be inserted into the femoral vein at the groin. They enable intravenous drugs and fluids to be given and intravenous pressures to be measured, which is often useful during operations or in intensive care. Central venous catheters must be inserted under strictly sterile conditions using a local anaesthetic.... central venous catheter

Cerebral Abscess

see abscess.... cerebral abscess

Cerebral Aqueduct

(aqueduct of Sylvius) the narrow channel, containing cerebrospinal fluid, that connects the third and fourth *ventricles of the brain.... cerebral aqueduct

Cerebral Cortex

the intricately folded outer layer of the *cerebrum, making up some 40% of the brain by weight and composed of an estimated 15 thousand million neurons (see grey matter). This is the part of the brain most directly responsible for consciousness, with essential roles in perception, memory, thought, mental ability, and intellect, and it is responsible for initiating voluntary activity. It has connections, direct or indirect, with all parts of the body. The folding of the cortex provides a large surface area, the greater part lying in the clefts (sulci), which divide the upraised convolutions (gyri). On the basis of its microscopic appearance in section, the cortex is mapped into *Brodmann areas; it is also divided into functional regions; including *motor cortex, *sensory cortex, and *association areas. Within, and continuous with it, lies the *white matter, through which connection is made with the rest of the nervous system.... cerebral cortex

Cerebral Hemisphere

one of the two paired halves of the *cerebrum.... cerebral hemisphere

Cerebral Tumour

an abnormal multiplication of brain cells. Any tumorous swelling tends to compress or even destroy the healthy brain cells surrounding it and – because of the rigid closed nature of the skull – increases the pressure on the brain tissue. Malignant brain tumours, which are much more common in children than in adults, include *medulloblastomas and *gliomas; these grow rapidly, spreading through the otherwise normal brain tissue and causing progressive neurological disability. Benign tumours, such as *meningiomas, grow slowly and compress the brain tissue. Both benign and malignant tumours commonly cause fits. Benign tumours are often cured by total surgical resection. Malignant tumours may be treated by neurosurgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, but the outcome for most patients remains poor.... cerebral tumour

Endodermal Sinus Tumour

a rare tumour of fetal remnants of the ovaries or testes. In women it is an aggressive malignant ovarian tumour that develops in adolescence and may secrete alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin, which can be used as *tumour markers. It is treated by oophorectomy with adjuvant chemotherapy.... endodermal sinus tumour

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

(ESS) surgery of the *paranasal sinuses using endoscopes. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) clears inflamed tissue from routes of sinus drainage and aeration to allow the other sinuses to return to normal.... endoscopic sinus surgery

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

(FESS) see endoscopic sinus surgery.... functional endoscopic sinus surgery

Jugular Venous Pressure

(JVP) the pressure in the internal jugular vein, which is an indirect measurement of *central venous pressure (CVP) in the right atrium. In clinical practice the JVP is estimated by visual inspection at the bedside with the patient reclining at 45 degrees.... jugular venous pressure

Maxillary Sinus

(maxillary antrum) see paranasal sinuses.... maxillary sinus

Pilonidal Sinus

a short tract leading from an opening in the skin in or near the cleft at the top of the buttocks and containing hairs. The sinus may be recurrently infected, leading to pain and the discharge of pus. Treatment is by surgical opening and cleaning of the sinus.... pilonidal sinus

Sinus Arrhythmia

a normal variation in the heart rate, which accelerates slightly on inspiration and slows on expiration. It is common in young fit individuals.... sinus arrhythmia

Sinus Rhythm

a normal heart rhythm, usually as recorded on an electrocardiogram. The *sinoatrial node, located in the right atrium, normally functions as the natural pacemaker for the heart.... sinus rhythm

Sinus Venosus

a chamber of the embryonic heart that receives blood from several veins. In the adult heart it becomes part of the right atrium.... sinus venosus

Urinogenital Sinus

the duct in the embryo that receives the ureter and the Wolffian and Müllerian ducts and opens to the exterior. The innermost portion forms most of the bladder and the remainder forms the urethra with its associated glands. Part of it may also contribute towards the vagina.... urinogenital sinus

Venous Thromboembolism

(VTE) the formation of a blood clot in a vein, which may become detached and lodged elsewhere. It includes deep vein thrombosis (see phlebothrombosis) and *pulmonary embolism. VTE is a leading direct cause of maternal death (see maternal mortality rate). See also thromboembolism.... venous thromboembolism

Cerebral

pertaining to the largest part of the brain, the cerebrum.... cerebral



Recent Searches