Diospyros embryopteris Health Dictionary

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Diospyros Embryopteris: From 1 Different Sources

Pers.

Synonym: D. peregrina (Gaertn.) Gurke D. malabarica (Desr.) Kostel.

Family: Ebenaceae.

Habitat: Throughout India in shady wet places and near streams.

English: Gaub Persimmon, Riber Ebony

Ayurvedic: Tinduka, Tinduki, Sphu- urjaka, Kaalaskandha, Asitkaaraka. Nilasaara.

Unani: Tendu.

Siddha/Tamil: Tumbika, Kattatti.

Action: Fruit and stem bark— astringent. Infusion of fruits—used as gargle in aphthae and sore throat. Fruit juice—used as application for wounds and ulcers. Oil of seeds— given in diarrhoea and dysentery Ether extract of fruit—antibacterial. Bark—astringent and styptic, used in menorrhagia, diarrhoea, dysentery and intermittent fevers.

A paste is applied to boils and tumours. The ethyl acetate extract showed antistress and anti-ulcerogenic activity. It also prevented hepatotoxi- city and leucocytosis in experimental animals.

The bark contains betulinic acid, myricyl alcohol, triterpenoids and sa- ponin. The leaves gave beta-sitosterol, betulin and oleanolic acid. Fruit pulp and seeds contain lupeol, betulin, gallic acid, betulinic acid, hexacosane, hex- acosanol, sitosterol, beta-D-glucoside of sitosterol and a triterpene ketone.

Stem bark—antiprotozoal, antiviral, hypoglycaemic, semen-coagulant. Stems yielded nonadecan-7-ol-one.

Dosage: Bark—50-100 ml decoction. (CCRAS.)
Health Source: Indian Medicinal Plants
Author: Health Dictionary

Diospyros Ebenum

Koenig.

Synonym: D. hebecarpa A. Cunn ex Benth.

Family: Ebenaceae.

Habitat: Orissa and South India.

English: Ebony Persimmon, Malabar Ebony, Ceylon Ebony.

Ayurvedic: Tinduka.

Unani: Aaabnuus.

Siddha/Tamil: Acha-Thumbi.

Action: Plant—astringent, attenuant, lithontriptic.

The heartwood contains 2 beta- naphthalhydes, 2 naphthoic acid derivatives; ceryl alcohol, betulin, alpha- amyrin, ursolic acid, baurenol and stigmasterol. The leaves contain ur- solic acid, alpha-amyrin, betulin and lupeol.... diospyros ebenum

Diospyros Kaki

Linn. f.

Habitat: Native to China; now grown in Himachal Pradesh, Kumaon, the Nilgiris and West Bengal for edible fruits.

English: Japanese Persimmon.

Ayurvedic: Tinduka (var.).

Action: Hypotensive, hepatopro- tective, antidote to poisons and bacterial toxins. Calyx and peduncle of fruit—used in the treatment of cough and dyspnoea. Roasted seeds—used as a substitute for coffee.

The fruit, in addition to sugars, glucose, fructose, ascorbic acid, citric acid, contains (% of fresh weight) 0.20-1.41 tannins, 0.21-10.07 total pectins, 0.67 pentosans and 0.16-0.25 polyphenols. The fruit also contains 2.4 mg/100 g carotenoids; carotene expressed as vitamin A 2200-2600 IU. The carote- noids identified in the pulp include cryptoxanthine, zeaxanthin, antherax- anthin, lycopene and beta-carotene. (Many carotenoids originally present in the fruit decompose during ripening.

The fruit pulp is an antidote to bacterial toxins and is used in the preparation of a vaccine for pertussis.

Condensed tannins from the fruits effectively inhibited 2-nitrofluorene mutagen.

The immature leaves contain a ster- oidal saponin, lignin and phenolic compounds. Eugenol and dihydroac- tinidiolide are reported from fresh leaves.

The leaves are reported to exhibit hepatoprotective activity. Leaves also contain hypotensive principles. Astra- galin and isoquercitrin have been isolated from leaves.... diospyros kaki

Diospyros Melanoxylon

Roxb.

Synonym: D. dubia Wall. ex A. DC.

Family: Ebenaceae.

Habitat: Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Peninsula.

English: Coromandel Ebony, Persimmon.

Ayurvedic: Tinduka (var.), Dirgha- patrakaa.

Siddha/Tamil: Karum Dumbi, Thumbi, Beedi-elai.

Action: Leaves—carminative, laxative, diuretic, styptic. Bark— astringent. Used in dyspepsia and diarrhoea. Unripe fruit— carminative and astringent. Ripe fruit—antibilious. Dried flowers— used in anaemia, inflammation of spleen, also in leucorrhoea. Leaf and dried flower—used in dyspepsia and diarrhoea, topically in scabies. Aerial parts—hypotensive.

Half-ripe fruit contains 23, ripe fruit 15 and bark 19% tannin.

The bark and sapwood extracts yield beta-sitosterol, lupeol, betulin and be- tulinic acid. Leaves contain hentria- contane, hentriacontanol, alpha-amy- rin, baurenol, ursolic, oleanolic and be- tulinic acids.... diospyros melanoxylon

Diospyros Montana

Roxb. var. cordifolia Hiem.

Habitat: Throughout the greater part of India.

English: Mountain persimmon.

Ayurvedic: Visha-tinduka, Kaaka- tinduka.

Siddha/Tamil: Vakkanai, Vakkanatan.

Folk: Timru.

Action: Various plant parts are used in fever, puerperal fever, neuralgia, pleurisy, pneumonia, menorrhagia, dysurea. Fruits are applied externally to boils.

Bark extract—anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic. Leaves and seeds—antibacterial.

Diospyrin occurs in the bark and wood. Leaves contain hentriacon- tane, hentriacontanol, beta-sitosterol, alpha-and beta-amyrin, lupeol, taraxe- rol and ursolic acid.

Alcoholic extract of the plant showed CNS depressant and spasmolytic activity and also produced bradycardia and hypertension.... diospyros montana

Diospyros Tomentosa

Roxb.

Synonym: D. exsculpta Buch.-Ham.

Family: Ebenaceae.

Habitat: Sub-Himalayan tract from Ravi to Nepal, also in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Orrisa.

English: Nepal Ebony Persimmon.

Ayurvedic: Viralaa, Tinduka (var.).

Siddha/Tamil: Tumbi.

Action: Astringent, anti- inflammatory, styptic. Various plant parts are used for dry cough, bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, dysuria, fistula, tumours, bleeding gums, haemorrhagic conditions.

The leaves and stems gave beta- sitosterol, lupeol, betulin, betulinic and oleanolic acids.

Unsaponifiable matter of seeds showed CNS depressant activity.... diospyros tomentosa

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