Direct insult Health Dictionary

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  2. Direct Insult

Direct Insult: From 1 Different Sources

Viral, bacterial and fungal PNEUMONIA

Lung trauma or contusion

Inhalation of toxic gases or smoke

ASPIRATION of gastric contents

Near-drowning

Health Source: Medical Dictionary
Author: Health Dictionary

Nhs Direct

A government-initiated, countrywide, telephone-based helpline which enables members of the public with a potential emergency or inquiry about health to receive counselling over the telephone. They can then be advised on the most appropriate course of action: perhaps an urgent visit to the nearest Accident & Emergency department, a non-urgent visit to the general practitioner, or even self-medication. The intention is to reduce the high workloads of GPs and A&E departments without endangering patients. NHS Direct is expected to be enhanced to provide:

links to community pharmacies and social services.

access to NHS Direct information via the Internet and information points in public sites.

publication of a guide on health care for dispatch to callers.... nhs direct

Direct Cost

See “cost”.... direct cost

Direct Patient Care

Any activities by a health professional involving direct interaction, treatment, administration of medications or other therapy or involvement with a patient.... direct patient care

Indirect Insult

Septic, haemorrhagic and cardiogenic SHOCK

METABOLIC DISORDERS such as URAEMIA and pancreatitis (see PANCREAS, DISORDERS OF)

Bowel infarction

Drug ingestion

Massive blood transfusion, transfusion reaction (see TRANSFUSION OF BLOOD), CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS, disseminated intravascular coagulation

Treatment The principles of management are supportive, with treatment of the underlying condition if that is possible. Oxygenation is improved by increasing the concentration of oxygen breathed in by the patient, usually with mechanical ventilation of the lungs, often using continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP). Attempts are made to reduce the formation of pulmonary oedema by careful management of how much ?uid is given to the patient (?uid balance). Infection is treated if it arises, as are the possible complications of prolonged ventilation with low lung compliance (e.g. PNEUMOTHORAX). There is some evidence that giving surfactant through a nebuliser or aerosol may help to improve lung e?ectiveness and reduce oedema. Some experimental evidence supports the use of free-radical scavengers and ANTIOXIDANTS, but these are not commonly used. Other techniques include the inhalation of NITRIC OXIDE (NO) to moderate vascular tone, and prone positioning to improve breathing. In severe cases, extracorporeal gas exchange has been advocated as a supportive measure until the lungs have healed enough for adequate gas exchange. (See also RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE; SARS.)... indirect insult

Direct Oral Anticoagulant

(DOAC) a relatively recently introduced class of drugs that reduce coagulation of the blood by inhibition of one of the coagulation factors (Factor Xa). They may be used as an alternative to *warfarin in many (but not all) cases, their advantage being that regular blood tests are not required for dose adjustment. Examples include, apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban.... direct oral anticoagulant

Insult

n. an injury or physical trauma.... insult

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