An antiemetic drug used to relieve nausea and vomiting associated with some gastrointestinal disorders or during treatment with certain drugs or radiotherapy. Adverse effects may include breast enlargement and secretion of milk from the breast.
n. an antiemetic *prokinetic drug used especially to reduce the nausea and vomiting caused by other drugs (e.g. anticancer drugs). It inhibits the effects of *dopamine, acting to close the sphincter muscle at the upper opening of the stomach (the cardia) and to relax the sphincter at the lower opening (the pylorus). Possible side-effects include breast enlargement and pain.
n. a drug that prevents vomiting. Various drugs have this effect, including some *antihistamines (e.g. cyclizine, promethazine) and *antimuscarinic drugs. They are used for such conditions as motion sickness and vertigo; drugs used to counteract nausea and vomiting due to other causes (e.g. cytotoxic drugs) include *domperidone, *metoclopramide, and *ondansetron.... antiemetic
n. the subjective experience of abdominal fullness, often (but not always) accompanied by abdominal distension. Its many causes include air swallowing (*aerophagia), abnormal intestinal gas handling or abdominal wall reflexes, increased gas production, and organ hypersensitivity. Bloating may be associated with increased belching, excessive flatus, or changes in bowel habit, particularly constipation. It tends to be aggravated by meals, fluctuates in severity throughout the day (with particular discomfort in the evening), and is relieved at night. Treatment includes the removal of exacerbating factors (such as specific dietary products), avoidance of carbonated drinks and fat-rich diets, reduction in dietary fibre, and reassurance. Drug therapy has limited efficacy, but antispasmodics, laxatives, peppermint oil, simeticone, prokinetics (such as domperidone), nonabsorbable antibiotics (rifaximin), and tricyclic antidepressants (to reduce hypersensitivity) may be tried.... bloating
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