Germ Plasm: From 1 Different Sources
the substance postulated by 19th-century biologists (notably Weismann) to be transmitted via the gametes from one generation to the next and to give rise to the body cells.
Those embryonic cells with the potential to develop into ova (see OVUM) or spermatozoa (see SPERMATOZOON).... germ cell
The name applied to the straw-coloured ?uid portion of the BLOOD composed of a solution of various inorganic salts of sodium, potassium, calcium, etc., as well as SERUM and ?brinogen, the material which produces clotting (see COAGULATION). When the plasma is clotted, the thinner ?uid separating from the clot is the serum.... plasma
See PLASMA EXCHANGE.... plasmapheresis
Any one of the three discrete varieties of body tissue that develop in the early stages of growth of the EMBRYO. Development of the layers can be followed throughout the embryo’s stages of growth and specialisation into the body’s full range of tissues and organs (see ECTODERM; ENDODERM; MESODERM).... germ layer
These are cells that produce ANTIBODIES and occur in bone-forming tissue as well as the lining of the gastrointestinal tract and the lungs. The cells develop in LYMPH NODES, SPLEEN and BONE MARROW when T-lymphocytes (see IMMUNITY) are stimulated by antigens (see ANTIGEN) to produce the precursor cells from which plasma cells originate.... plasma cells
Also called ?brinolysin, this is an ENZYME that digests the protein FIBRIN. It dissolves blood clots (see COAGULATION) and so is present in the blood in the form of PLASMINOGEN, an inactive precursor.... plasmin
A precursor of PLASMIN, an ENZYME that digests the protein FIBRIN – the main constituent of blood clots (see COAGULATION). When tissue is damaged, activators are released which provoke the conversion of plasminogen into plasmin.... plasminogen
The general term applied to minute protoplasmic cells, and particularly to those which cause MALARIA and allied diseases.... plasmodium
The popular term used to describe any microorganisms that cause disease, such as viruses and bacteria. (See also germ cells.)... germ
A growth comprised of immature sperm cells in the male testis or of immature ova in the female ovary. A seminoma is one type of germ cell tumour (see testis, cancer of).... germ cell tumour
Any self -replicating genetic component of a cell, e.g. bacteria, which is outside the chromosomes.... plasmid
A generic description of any discrete agents in cells that have genetic functions. They include plasmagenes (self-reproducing copies of a nuclear gene existing outside the cell nucleus) and viruses.... plasmids
A natural PROTEIN that occurs in the body. It has the property of breaking down a THROMBUS in a blood vessel (see THROMBOLYSIS). It is e?ective only in the presence of FIBRIN and activates plasminogen, which occurs normally on the surface of the ?brin. TPA is an important thrombolytic treatment immediately after a myocardial infarction (see HEART, DISEASES OF).... tissue plasminogen activator (tpa, tpa)
Proteins present in blood plasma, including albumin, blood clotting proteins, and immunoglobulins.... plasma proteins
See tissue plasminogen activator.... plasminogen activator
A substance produced by body tissues that prevents abnormal blood clotting. Also called , it is produced by the inner lining of blood vessels. can be prepared artificially for use as a thrombolytic drug, which is called alteplase. This is used in the treatment of myocardial infarction, severe angina pectoris, and arterial embolism, including pulmonary embolism. Possible side effects include bleeding or the formation of a haematoma at the injection site and an allergic reaction. (See also fibrinolysis.)... tissue-plasminogen activator
an endoscopic procedure used predominantly to control bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. secondary to angiodysplasia and bleeding following polypectomy. Occasionally it is used in the debulking of tumours not amenable to surgery. An intermittent stream of argon gas is delivered through a catheter in the endoscope and ionized by a monopolar electrical current producing a controlled release of thermal energy. This causes coagulation in the adjacent tissues.... argon plasma coagulation
... blood plasma see plasma.
(plasmo-) combining form denoting 1. blood plasma. 2. protoplasm or cytoplasm.... plasm
a type of *electrocoagulation used to arrest haemorrhage or destroy abnormal tissue. A stream of inert gas, such as argon or helium, is ionized, thereby carrying electrical energy to adjacent tissue; there is no physical contact between the plasma coagulation apparatus and the tissue.... plasma coagulation
n. a malignant tumour of plasma cells, often known as a ‘solitary myeloma’. Although usually occurring as a single tumour in bone marrow or more rarely soft tissue (extramedullary plasmacytoma), it may be multiple, in which case it is classified as a multiple myeloma. All of these tumours may produce the abnormal gammaglobulins that are characteristic of myeloma, and they may progress to widespread myeloma. The soft-tissue tumours often respond to radiotherapy and to such drugs as thalidomide and cyclophosphamide; the bone tumours are typically less responsive.... plasmacytoma
n. a phospholipid, found in brain and muscle, similar in structure to *lecithin and *cephalin.... plasmalogen
enzymes that convert the inactive substance *plasminogen to the active enzyme *plasmin, which digests blood clots (see fibrinolysis). There are two types of plasminogen activators, *tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-like plasminogen activator (uPA). See blood coagulation.... plasminogen activators
n. see trophoblast.... plasmoditrophoblast
n. a process occurring in bacteria and plants in which the protoplasm shrinks away from the rigid cell wall when the cell is placed in a *hypertonic solution. Plasmolysis is due to withdrawal of water from the cell by *osmosis.... plasmolysis
(tPA, TPA) a natural protein, found in the body and able to be manufactured by genetic engineering, that can break up a thrombus (see thrombolysis). It requires the presence of *fibrin as a cofactor and is able to activate *plasminogen on the fibrin surface, which distinguishes it from the other plasminogen activators, *streptokinase and *urokinase. tPAs include reteplase and tenecteplase, given to treat acute myocardial infarction, and *alteplase.... tissue-type plasminogen activator
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