Hall Health Dictionary

Sti?ness of the joint between the great toe and the foot, which induces pain on walking. It is usually due to a crush injury or stubbing of the toe. Such stubbing is liable to occur in adolescents with a congenitally long toe. If trouble-some, the condition is treated by an operation to create a false joint.... hallux rigidus

The anatomical name of the great toe.... hallux

Outward displacement of the great toe – always associated with a bunion (see CORNS AND BUNIONS). It is due to the pressure of footwear on an unduly broad foot. In adolescents, this broad foot is inherited; in adults it is due to splaying of the foot as a result of loss of muscle tone. The bunion is produced by pressure of the footwear on the protruding base of the toe. In mild cases the wearing of comfortable shoes may be all that is needed. In more severe cases the bunion may need to be removed, while in the most severe the operation of ARTHROPLASTY may be needed.... hallux valgus

Producing hallucinations... hallucinogenic

Compounds characterised by their ability to produce distortions of perception, emotional changes, depersonalisation, and a variety of effects on memory and learned behaviour. They include CANNABIS, LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD) and MESCALINE. (See also DEPENDENCE.)... hallucinogens

A perception that occurs when there is no external stimulus. Auditory hallucinations (the hearing of voices) are a major symptom of schizophrenia but may also be caused by manic–depressive illness and certain brain disorders. Visual hallucinations are most often found in states of delirium brought on by a physical illness (such as pneumonia) or alcohol withdrawal (delirium tremens). Hallucinogenic drugs are another common cause of visual hallucinations. Hallucinations of smell are associated with temporal lobe epilepsy. Those of touch and taste are rare, however, and occur mainly in people with schizophrenia. People subjected to sensory deprivation or overwhelming physical stress sometimes suffer from temporary hallucinations.... hallucination

(African) An unexpected gift Hallah... halla

(English) From the valley Hallem, Halam, Halem... hallam

(English) From the manor’s hall Hallen, Halan, Halen... hallan

(Hebrew) One who is much praised... hallei

(Hebrew) One who is praiseworthy Hallella, Halleli, Hallelie, Hallely, Halleley, Hallelee, Hallelea... hallela

(Hebrew) Praise the Lord our God

Halleluja... hallelujah

(Scandinavian / Greek / English) From the hall / woman of the sea / from the field of hay

Halley, Hallie, Halle, Hallee, Hally, Halleigh, Hallea, Halleah... hallie

False perceptions arising without an adequate external stimulus, as opposed to illusions, which are misinterpretations of stimuli arising from an external object. Hallucinations come from ‘within’, although the affected individual may see them as coming from ‘without’. Nevertheless, they may occur at the same time as real perceptions, and may affect any sense (vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch, etc.).

Causes They may be the result of intense emotion or suggestion, sensory deprivation (for example, overwork or lack of sleep), disorders of sense organs, or disorders of the central nervous system. Although hallucinations may occur in perfectly sane people, they are more commonly an indication of a MENTAL ILLNESS. They may be deliberately induced by the use of HALLUCINOGENS.... hallucinations

A drug that causes hallucination.

Hallucinogens include certain drugs of abuse, such as LSD, marijuana, mescaline, and psilocybin.

Some prescription drugs, including anticholinergic drugs and levodopa, occasionally cause hallucinations.... hallucinogenic drug

*hallucinations in the context of *alcoholism. They are usually shortlived *auditory hallucinations (‘hearing voices’). Although abstinence is the best remedy, they can persist beyond the active use of alcohol and are often difficult to treat (a recent review showed a dearth of data regarding all possible treatment options).... alcoholic hallucinosis

see Dix–Hallpike test.... hallpike test

n. a drug that produces hallucinations, e.g. *cannabis and *lysergic acid diethylamide. Hallucinogens were formerly used to treat certain types of mental illness. —hallucinogenic adj.... hallucinogen

displacement of the big toe away from the others (i.e. towards the middle).... hallux varus

(Hallpike test) a test for *benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), performed with the patient first sitting upright on an examination couch and then lying supine with the head and neck extended beyond the edge of the couch. The patient’s head is rotated to the left (or right) and supported by the examiner while the patient assumes the supine position and keeps his or her eyes focused on the examiner’s eyes. The test is then repeated with the other ear facing down. In patients with BPPV, after a short delay rotatory *nystagmus is seen, in association with severe vertigo and nausea, which gradually abates. The effect diminishes with repeated manoeuvres. In conditions affecting the cerebellum or brainstem, the nystagmus occurs immediately, in any direction, and does not diminish, and patients do not feel especially nauseated. [M. R. Dix and C. S. Hallpike (20th century), British otologists]... dix–hallpike test