Hypomania Health Dictionary

A mental disorder characterized by episodes of overactivity, elation, or irritability. Mania usually occurs as part of a manic–depressive illness.

Symptoms may include extravagant spending, repeatedly starting new tasks; sleeping less; increased appetite for food, alcohol, sex, and exercise; outbursts of inappropriate anger, laughter, or sudden socializing; and delusions of grandeur. If symptoms are mild, the condition is called hypomania.

Severe mania usually needs treatment in hospital with antipsychotic drugs. Relapses may be prevented by taking lithium or carbamazepine.... mania

Abnormalities in the structure or content of thought, as reflected in a person’s speech, writing, or behaviour. Schizophrenia causes several thought disorders, including loss of logical connections between associations, the invention of new words (see neologisms), thought blocking (sudden interruption in the train of thought), the feeling that thoughts are being inserted into or withdrawn from the mind, and auditory hallucinations.

Incoherent thoughts occur in all types of confusion, including dementia and delirium. Rapidly jumping from one ideato another occurs in hypomania and mania. In depression, thinking becomes slow, there is a lack of association, and a tendency to dwell in great detail on trivial subjects. In obsessive–compulsive disorder, recurrent ideas seem to come into a person’s mind involuntarily. Delusions, which occur in schizophrenia and other psychotic illnesses, may be an expression of distorted thinking.... thought disorders

(BPAD) a severe mental illness affecting about 1% of the population and causing repeated episodes of *depression, *mania, and/or *mixed affective state. Type I BPAD consists equally of depressive and manic episodes, whereas Type II BPAD consists primarily of depressive episodes with occasional phases of *hypomania. Treatment is that of the individual episode. Antidepressants and antipsychotics are used to treat depressive episodes together with mood stabilizers (e.g. *lithium) or antiepileptics. Mood stabilizers are also used to prevent or lessen future episodes. Mania is most commonly treated with benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers. ECT may be used for either episode in severe cases. To prevent future episodes many patients need combinations of mood stabilizers with *antidepressant or *antipsychotic medication. Certain types of educational *psychotherapy can be used to prevent relapse as well as to treat the individual episode. Up to 50% of BPAD patients have substance abuse problems, and many suffer from residual mood symptoms between episodes.

BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) a standardized system of terminology, report organization, assessment, and classification for mammography and ultrasound or MRI of the breast. BI-RADS reporting enables radiologists to communicate results to the referring physician clearly and consistently, with a final assessment and specific management recommendations.

The success of BI-RADS has inspired several other systems of the same kind: TI-RADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System); LI-RADS (Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System); and PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System).... bipolar affective disorder

n. a state of cheerful excitement and enthusiasm. Marked elation of mood is a characteristic of *mania or *hypomania.... elation

n. a state of optimism, cheerfulness, and wellbeing. A morbid degree of euphoria is characteristic of *mania and *hypomania. See also ecstasy; elation.... euphoria

accelerated thinking that occurs in psychosis, mania, hypomania, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Speech is rapid, moving from one topic to another and reflecting casual associations between ideas. In contrast to *loosening of associations, the link between themes is preserved, albeit often difficult to follow.... flight of ideas