Inference Health Dictionary

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Inference: From 1 Different Sources

The process of passing from observations and axioms to generalizations. In statistics, the development of generalizations from sample data, usually with calculated degrees of uncertainty.
Health Source: Community Health
Author: Health Dictionary

Retrospective Study

A research design used to test hypotheses in which inferences about exposure to the putative causal factor(s) are derived from data relating to characteristics of the persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or other outcome condition of interest, and their characteristics and past experiences are compared with those of other, unaffected persons.... retrospective study

Targeting / Target Population / Target Group

The collection of individuals, items, measurements, etc., about which one wants to make inferences. The term is sometimes used to indicate the population from which a sample is drawn and sometimes to denote any “reference” population about which inferences are required.... targeting / target population / target group

Animal Experimentation

The use of animals in research to provide information about animal biology or, by inference, human physiology or behaviour. Animal research has contributed to the development of drugs, such as vaccines, and surgical techniques, such as transplant surgery. However, because of ethical concerns, alternative practices, such as cell cultures, are now used wherever possible.

animals, diseases from See zoonosis. anisometropia Unequal focusing power in the 2 eyes, usually due to a difference in size and/or shape of the eyes, that causes visual discomfort. For example, one eye may be normal and the other affected by myopia (shortsightedness), hypermetropia (longsightedness), or astigmatism (uneven curvature of the cornea). Glasses or contact lenses correct the problem in most cases. ankle joint The hinge joint between the foot and the leg. The talus (uppermost bone in the foot) fits between the 2 bony protuberances formed by the lower ends of the tibia (the shinbone) and the fibula (the outer bone of the lower leg). Strong ligaments on either side of the ankle joint give it support. The ankle allows for up-anddown movement of the foot.

An ankle sprain is one of the most

common injuries.

It is usually caused by twisting the foot over on to its outside edge, causing overstretching and bruising of the ligaments.

Violent twisting of the ankle can cause a combined fracture and dislocation known as Pott’s fracture.... animal experimentation


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