Infiltrate: From 1 Different Sources
Build-up of substances or cells within a tissue that are either not normally found in it or are usually present only in smaller amounts.
Infiltrate may refer to a drug (such as a local anaesthetic) that has been injected into a tissue, or to the build-up of a substance within an organ (for example, fat in the liver caused by excessive alcohol consumption).
Radiologists use the term to refer to the presence of abnormalities, most commonly on a chest X-ray, due to conditions such as infection.
(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS) a form of *acute respiratory failure that occurs after a precipitating event, such as trauma, aspiration, or inhalation of a toxic substance; it is particularly associated with septic shock. Lung injury is characterized by reduced oxygen in the arteries, reduced lung volume, and decreased lung compliance, and diffuse infiltrates are seen on a chest X-ray. Treatment is correction of the original cause, volume replacement, diuretics, oxygen, and mechanical ventilation.... adult respiratory distress syndrome
(BOOP) a disease entity characterized clinically by a flulike illness with cough, fever, shortness of breath, and late inspiratory crackles; there are specific histological features and patchy infiltrates on X-ray. It is sometimes the result of a viral infection, but may follow medication with certain drugs or be associated with connective-tissue disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis. The condition usually responds to oral corticosteroids; however, if a drug is implicated, it must be withdrawn.... bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia
(BAL) a method of obtaining cellular material from the lungs that is used particularly in the investigation and monitoring of interstitial lung disease and in the investigation of pulmonary infiltrates in immunosuppressed patients. A saline solution is infused into the lung, via a bronchoscope, and immediately removed. Examination of the cells in the lavage fluid may help to identify the cause of interstitial lung disease. The combination of cytological and microbiological examination can lead to a very high rate of diagnostic accuracy in such conditions as *Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.... bronchoalveolar lavage
adj. describing or relating to a mass of malignant tissue that has infiltrated the epithelium and broken through the skin surface. Often in the shape of a fungus, it may be infected, smell strongly, and cause pain and is most likely to occur in the advanced stages of cancer, particularly of the breast, head, or neck.... fungating
n. 1. the abnormal entry of a substance (infiltrate) into a cell, tissue, or organ. Examples of infiltrates are blood cells, cancer cells, fat, starch, or calcium and magnesium salts. Infiltration can occur when a vein is damaged and the fluid being infused continues to leak out and accumulate in the surrounding tissue (also known as ‘tissuing’). This can result in inflammation. 2. the injection of a local anaesthetic solution into the tissues to cause local *anaesthesia. Infiltration anaesthesia is routinely used to anaesthetize upper teeth to allow dental procedures to be carried out.... infiltration
adj. resembling lard: often applied to tissue infiltrated with the starchlike substance amyloid (see amyloidosis).... lardaceous
n. surgical removal of lymph nodes, an operation commonly performed when a cancer has invaded nodes in the drainage area of an organ infiltrated by a malignant growth. The whole chain of lymph nodes draining the tumour is excised. This is performed for local control and also staging of the cancer, to plan further treatment and for prognosis.... lymphadenectomy
n. the presence of fragments of endometrial tissue at sites in the pelvis outside the uterus or, rarely, throughout the body (e.g. in the lung, rectum, or umbilicus). It is thought to be caused by retrograde *menstruation. When the tissue has infiltrated the wall of the uterus (myometrium) the condition is known as adenomyosis. Symptoms vary, but typically include pelvic pain, severe *dysmenorrhoea, *dyspareunia, infertility, and a pelvic mass (or any combination of these). Medical treatment is aimed at suppressing ovulation using *gonadorelin analogues, combined oral contraceptives, or the intrauterine system (see IUS). High-dose progestogens suppress *gonadotrophins (FSH and LH), shrink implanted endometrial tissue, and reduce retrograde menstruation. They have a similar efficacy to other medical treatments, are cheaper, and have fewer side-effects than gonadorelin analogues. Surgical treatment may also be necessary, usually by laser or ablative therapy via the laparoscope. More radical surgical treatment in the form of a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is sometimes required.... endometriosis
(TIL) a lymphoid cell that can infiltrate solid tumours. Such cells can be cultured in vitro, in the presence of *interleukin 2, and have been used as vehicles for *tumour necrosis factor in gene therapy trials for cancer.... tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte
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