(English) Form of Cody, meaning “one who is helpful; a wealthy woman / acting as a cushion”
Kody, Kodie, Kodee, Kodey, Kodea, Kodia
Kody, Kodie, Kodee, Kodey, Kodea, Kodia
Habitat: Grows abundantly in South India, also cultivated in North-western India and West Bengal.
English: American Sumac, Divi-divi Plant.Siddha/Tamil: Kodivelam.Folk: Libi-dibi; Divi-divi.Action: Bark—febrifuge, antiperi- odic. Pod—astringent (in piles). Fruit—semen coagulant.
All parts of the plant contain tannin, the maximum amount occurring in the pods (69.4%). The tannins from pods comprise pyrogallol type of hy- drolysable tannins and consists of gal- lotannin and ellagitannin. Divi-divi closely resembles myrobalans both in nature and contents of tannins. Seeds contain little or no tannin.The plant is used for treating freckles. Leaves contain ellagic and gallic acids, catechol and tannins.Ethanolic extract of the leaves showed antifungal activity.... caesalpinia coriariaHabitat: Throughout India.
English: Indian Sarsaparilla (black var.).Ayurvedic: Krishna Saarivaa, Jambupatraa Saarivaa, Karantaa, Shyamalataa, Shyaama, Gopi, Gopavadhu, Kaalghatika.Siddha/Tamil: Maattan-kodi, Paal-Kodi, Kattupala.Folk: Karantaa, Anantamuula (Varanasi).Action: Blood-purifier, alterative. Used for rickets in children. In combination with Euphorbia microphylla, the herb is used as a galactagogue. A decoction of the stem is used as a supporting drug in paralysis; of the root bark in rheumatism.
The major constituent of the root extract is germanicol docosanoate. The roots contains cryptanoside C. The leaves gave cryptanoside A and B and a cardenolide, cryptosin.Dosage: Root—5-10 g (API Vol. IV.); infusion—50-100 ml. (CCRAS.)... cryptolepis buchananiHabitat: Throughout tropical India, at 1,500-2,100 m.
English: Patoto Yam, Bulb-bearing Yam, Air Potato, Dog Yam.Ayurvedic: Vaaraahi, Vaaraahikan- da, Grshti, Banaaalu, Suraalu, Raktaalu. Substitute for Vriddhi.Unani: Baraahikand.Siddha/Tamil: Kodi-kilangu, Pannu-kilangu.Action: Dried and pounded tubers are used as an application for swellings, boils and ulcers; roasted tubers are used in dysentery, piles, venereal sores. Leaf—febrifuge.
The raw tubers are bitter due to the presence of furanoid norditerpenes (they lose their bitterness on roasting and are then eaten). The wild tubers contain nearly 83% starch and possess hunger-suppressing property. They contain certain poisonous alkaloids.The rhizomes afforded D-sorbitol, furanoid norditerpenes—diosbulbins A-D, 2,4,6,7-tetrahydroxy-9,10-dihy- drophenanthrene and 2,4,5,6,-tetra- hydroxyphenanthrene, diosgenin, lucein, neoxanthine, violaxanthin, zeax- anthin, auroxanthin and cyrptoxan- thin.... dioscorea bulbiferaHabitat: South India; throughout the hills of Deccan.
Ayurvedic: Amlikaakanda (controversial synonym).Siddha: Kavala-kodi, Venilai Valli.Folk: Aambaalio Kanda (Gujarat).Action: Used externally for reducing swellings.... dioscorea oppositifolia
Habitat: Konkan and Maharashtra, also in Bengal and Assam.
Ayurvedic: Suparnikaa, Madhu- maalati. Muurvaa (substitute). Nak-chhikkini.Siddha/Tamil: Kodippalai.Action: Root and tender stalks— emetic and expectorant, cause sneezing, used in colds, sinusitis, and biliousness. Leaves—used as an application to boils and abscesses.
The stems and leaves contain a pigment taraxerol, a triterpenoid, kaem- pferol, a glucoside of kaempferol and saponins. Seeds contain a number of pregnane glycosides which do not exhibit digitalis-like action. Root contains a glucoside which lowered carotid blood pressure in mice and dogs when administered intravenously.... dregea volubilisHabitat: Tamil Nadu.
Ayurvedic: Soma-valka (doubtful synonym).Family: Moraceae.Habitat: Throughout the warmer parts of India.
Ayurvedic: Traayanti, Traaya- maanaa.Siddha/Tamil: Kodi Athi.Folk: Daantiraa (Rajasthan).Action: Fruits—used for constipation during fevers. Leaf-juice— antidysenteric. Root bark—mixed with water, given internally in coryza, asthma and bronchial diseases. Root—antispasmodic.... ficus dalhousiae
Habitat: Central and Peninsular India.
English: Australian Cow Plant, Ipecacuanha (Indian).Ayurvedic: Meshashringi, Meshav- ishaanikaa, Meshavalli, Chhaagal- shrngi. Ajashringi (also equated with Dolichandrone falcata and Pergularia extensa).Unani: Gurmaar Buuti.Siddha/Tamil: Kannu Minnayam- kodi, Passaam, Shirukurinja.Action: Leaf—antidiabetic. Stimulates the heart and circulatory system, activates the uterus. Used in parageusia and furunculosis. Plant—diuretic, antibilious. Root— emetic, expectorant, astringent, stomachic.
Gymnemagenin, the main sapoge- nin in the leaves, yielded 3.9-4.6% of total gymnemic acids.Gymnemic acids are antisweet principles and exhibit inhibitory effect on levels of plasma glucose.The extract of dried leaves, given to diabetic rats at a dose of 20 mg/day per rat for 8 weeks, was found to bring about blood glucose homoeostasis by increasing serum insulin levels. Increased glycoprotein level and the resultant nephropathy, retinopathy and micro-and macro-angiopathy were also controlled.The leaf extract (25-100 mg/kg), when orally administered to experimentally induced hyperlipidaemic rats for 2 weeks, reduced the elevated serum triglyceride and total cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner. The efficacy and antiatherosclerotic potential of the extract (100 mg/kg) were comparable to that of a lipid lowering agent, clofibrate.In homoeopathy, a drug obtained from the leaves and roots is prescribed for both diabetes mellitus and insipidus Gymnemic acid is reported to inhibit melanin formation in vitro. It also inhibits dental plaque formation.Dosage: Root, leaf-3-5 g powder; 50-100 ml decoction. (CCRAS.)... gymnema sylvestreHabitat: Tropical Himalayas and Western Peninsula. Cultivated in Dharmapuri district of Tamil Nadu.
Ayurvedic: Ark-pushpi.Siddha/Tamil: Palay-keerai.Action: Roots—used in orchitis, spermatorrhoea, also as laxative. Roots are used as Jivanti in Kerala (See also Leptadenia reticulata.)
The tubers contain protein (5.510%). It gave alpha-amyrin, lupeol and beta-sitosterol. Aspartic acid, glycine, serine, threonine and valine were detected chromatographically.The bark gave alpha-amyrin, lupeol and beta-sitosterol.... holostemma annularisHabitat: Dry places in West Bengal, Bihar and Peninsular India.
English: Moon Plant, Soma Plant.Ayurvedic: Somavalli, Somalataa, Somakshiri, Saumyaa, Dwijpriyaa. (Not to be confused with Soma of the Vedas.) (Substitute: Ephedra gerardiana.)Siddha/Tamil: Somamum, Kodi- Kalli.Action: Dried stems—emetic. Plant—insecticidal.
The plant contains malic acid, suc- cinic acid, reducing sugar, surcosa, traces of tannin, an alkaloid, a phytos- terol, alpha-and beta-amyrins, lupeol and lupeol acetate and beta-sitosterol. The milky exudate from the stem contains 4.1% of caoutchouc. Coagulum contains: caoutchouc 16, resins 68.1 and insolubles 15.9%.Related species, Sarcostemma bru- nonianum W. & A. (South India), known as Perumaattaan kodi in Tamil Nadu; S. intermedium Decne (Peninsular India), and S. stocksii Hk. f. (Peninsular India), are also said to have similar uses as those of S. acidum.Sarcostemma secamone (L.) Bennet, synonym S. esculentum (L. f.) Holm. (throughout the plains in semi marshy places) is known as Dughdhikaa or Duudhilataa in Northern India and Usippalai in Tamil Nadu. Whole plant is depurative, galactagogue and antiseptic (used as a gargle in sore throat and stomatitis; fresh root is prescribed in jaundice. A pregnane triglycoside, esculentin and cardenolide tetraglyco- sides have been isolated from the root.Dosage: Milky exudate from stem— 1-3 drops. (CCRAS.)... sarcostemma brevistigmaHabitat: Western Ghats.
Ayurvedic: Guchh-karanja.Siddha: Okkadi-kodi, Pulinakk- agondai.Folk: Vaakeri (Maharashtra). Caesalpinia digyna Rottl. is also known as Vaakeri.Action: Roots—used in pneumonia. Bark—used externally in skin diseases.
The root contains vakerin. Vakerin did not inhibit the stimulating effect of histamine and acetylcholine.Pods contain considerable quantity of tannic acid.... wagatea spicata
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