Mari Health Dictionary

Calendula officinalis. N.O. Compositae.

Synonym: Calendula, Caltha officinalis, Marygold.

Habitat: Common in English gardens; native of South America.

Features ? Stem angular, hairy up to one foot high. Lower leaves stalked, spatulate, upper sessile, all hairy. Flower-heads yellow, the tubular florets sterile. Fruit semicircular, angular, rough, no pappus. Taste bitter, smell unpleasantly strong.

Part used ? Herb, flowers.

Action: Diaphoretic, stimulant, antispasmodic.

The infusion of 1 ounce of the flowers or herb to 1 pint boiling water is prescribed both for internal use in 1-2 tablespoonful doses, and externally as a lotion for chronic ulcers and varicose veins. The infusion is also given to children (in doses according to age) suffering from measles and other feverish and eruptive complaints. Sprained muscles gain relief from the hot fomentation. Marigold is frequently combined with Witch Hazel when a lotion is required.... marigold

Another term for CANNABIS, hemp, or hashish. (See also DEPENDENCE.)... marijuana

Bidens tripartite. N.O. Compositae.

Synonym: Water Agrimony.

Habitat: Ditches, by waterways, and in wet places generally; also cultivated in gardens.

Features ? Erect, smooth, angular, brown-spotted stem, two to three feet high. Leaves opposite, stalked, smooth, serrate, usually in three or five segments. Flowers (July to September) in terminal heads, small, tawny. Numerous seeds, four-cornered, reflexed prickles. Root tapering, many-fibred.

Part used ? Whole plant.

Action: Astringent, diuretic, diaphoretic.

Dropsy, gout and bleeding of the urinary and respiratory organs, as well as uterine hemorrhage. 1 ounce to 1 pint infusion, in wineglass doses, three or four times daily. Ginger is usually added to this herb. Hool recommends 2 ounces Burr Marigold to 1 of crushed Ginger in 3 pints of water simmered down to 1 quart, given in the above quantity five times daily, or oftener if necessary.... burr marigold

Linn.

Family: Compositae; Asteraceae.

Habitat: The western Himalayas from Kashmir to Kumaon.

English: Wormseed, Santonica.

Ayurvedic: Chauhaara, Kirmaani Yavaani, Chuhaari Ajawaayin; not related to Ajawaayin.

Unani: Dirmanah, Kirmaalaa, Afsanteen-ul-bahar. (Dirmanah Turki is equated with A. stechmani- ana Besser.)

Folk: Kirmaani Ajawaayin, Kirmaani-owaa, Kirmaani-ajmo.

Action: Deobstructant, stomachic, anthelmintic (effective against roundworms), antifungal.

A decoction of the fresh plant is given in cases of intermittent and remittent fever.

A. maritima var. thomsoniana C. B. Clarke is a santonin-yielding var.; A. maritima var. fragrans (Willd.) Ledeb. is a non-santonin var.

Immature flowerheads and leaves contain santonin. Roots, stems and twigs are devoid of santonin. Santonin, a sesquiterpene lactone, is used for the treatment of ascaris and oxyuris infections. Large doses (0.3 g is adults and 0.06 in children) are toxic.

Beta-santonin is less anthelmintic in action than santonin; pseudosantonin is devoid of anthelmintic property.

Studies is albino mice revealed that santonin had no androgenic, estro- genic, antiestrogenic, progestational and antiprogestational effects.

Santonin is toxic at 60 mg in children; 200 mg in adults. (Francis Brinker.)

Dosage: Whole plant—3-6 g powder. (CCRAS.)... artemisia maritima

(American) A gracious giver of life

Eva Maria, Eva Mary, Eva Mariah... eva marie

(Spanish) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness” Marialena, Marialinda, Marialisa, Maaria, Mayria, Maeria, Mariabella, Mariabelle, Mariabell, Mariasha, Marea... maria

(Latin) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea”... mariah

(African) A gift from God Mariamah, Mariamma, Mariame... mariama

(Hebrew) A rebellious woman Mamre, Meria... mariamne

(French) A combination of Mary and Ann, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness” and “a woman graced with God’s favor”

Mariam, Mariana, Marian, Marion, Maryann, Maryanne, Maryanna, Maryane, Maryana, Marianne, Marianna, Mariann, Maryam, Marianda, Marien... mariane

(African) One who is pure; innocent... mariatu

(Spanish) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness”; the beautiful Mary Maribell, Maribelle, Maribella, Maribele, Maribela, Marabel, Marabelle, Marabela, Marabella, Marybel, Marybell, Marybella, Marybelle, Marybele, Marybela... maribel

(Latin) In mythology, a nymph and mother of Latinus... marica

(Spanish) Form of Marcella, meaning “dedicated to Mars, the god of war”

Maricel, Maricella, Marisela, Maresella, Marisella, Maryzela, Marecela, Marecella... maricela

(Swahili) One who is content Maridha, Maridhea, Maridhe, Marydhia, Marydhiya... maridhia

(French) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness” Maree, Marea... marie

(Danish) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness” Mariela, Mariele, Mariella, Marielle, Mariell, Mariola... mariel

(French) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness” Mariette, Maretta, Mariet, Maryetta, Maryette, Marieta... marietta

(Arabic) Having great knowledge Marifah, Maryfa, Maryfah, Maripha, Marypha... marifa

(Danish) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness” Marieke, Marijke, Marike, Maryk, Maryka... marika

(Japanese) Daughter of Mari; a ball or sphere

Maryko, Mareeko, Marieko, Mareiko... mariko

(English) Of the shining sea Marillah, Marila, Marillis, Marilis, Marella, Marela, Marelle... marilla

(English) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness” Maralin, Maralyn, Maralynn, Marelyn, Marilee, Marilin, Marillyn, Marilynn, Marilynne, Marlyn, Marralynn, Marrilin, Marrilyn, Marylin, Marylyn, Marylynn, Marilena, Mariline... marilyn

(Latin) Woman of the sea Mareen, Mareena, Mareina, Marena, Marine, Marinda, Marinell, Marinella, Marinelle, Marinna, Maryn, Marin, Marinochka... marina

(Spanish) Resembling a butterfly Maryposa, Marriposa, Marryposa, Mareposa, Maraposa... mariposa

(Slavic) Form of Mary, meaning “star of the sea / from the sea of bitterness” Maryska, Mariske, Maryske, Maruska, Maruske, Martuska... mariska

(Latin) Woman of the sea Maressa, Maricia, Marisabel, Marisha, Marisse, Maritza, Mariza, Marrissa, Maryssa, Meris, Merissa, Meryssa, Marisa, Mareesa, Mareisa, Marysa, Marysia, Maris, Marris, Marys, Maryse, Marisol, Merise... marissa

Caltha palustris

Description: This plant has rounded, dark green leaves arising from a short stem. It has bright yellow flowers.

Habitat and Distribution: This plant is found in bogs, lakes, and slow-moving streams. It is abundant in arctic and subarctic regions and in much of the eastern region of the northern United States.

Edible Parts: All parts are edible if boiled.

CAUTION

As with all water plants, do not eat this plant raw. Raw water plants may carry dangerous organisms that are removed only by cooking.... marsh marigold

Linn.

Family: Polygonaceae.

Habitat: The temperate Himalayas, Assam, Bengal, Western Ghats and the Nilgiris.

English: Golden Dock.

Ayurvedic: Kunanjara.

Unani: Seeds—Beejband, (siyah or safed), Jangali Paalak.

Action: Leaves—catharitic; externally applied to burns. Seeds— incorporated in sex-tonics as aphrodisiac. (Seeds of Sida cordifolia and Abutilon indicum are also used as Beejband.) Roots are used as a substitute for rhubarb.

The leaves contain anthraquinones both in free and bound forms. The fruits contain rumarin (0.12%) rutin and hyperin. The seeds contain 5.1% tannin.

The roots are purgative; contain chrysophanic acid, saccharose and tannin (6%).

The seeds and leaves contain ru- marin, rutin, hyperin, chrysophanic acid, charose, tannin, emodin and its monoethyl ether, beta-sitosterol and its glucoside.

Habitat: The temperate Himalayas, Western Ghats and the Nilgiris.

Folk: Kulli (Kumaon).

Action: Root—purgative. A substitute for Rheum palmatum. Leaves— an infusion is given in colic, externally applied to syphilitic ulcers.

The roots contain nepodin, chryso- phanic acid, also 12.8% tannin.... rumex maritimus

(L.) Gaertn.

Habitat: Western Himalayas at 1,800 and Kashmir at 2,400 m, also grown in gardens.

English: Holy Thistle, Milk Thistle.

Action: Seeds—liver protective, gallbladder protective, antioxidant. Used in jaundice and other biliary affections, intermittent fevers, uterine trouble, also as a galactagogue. Alcoholic extract used for haemorrhoids and as a general substitute for adrenaline. Seeds are used for controlling haemorrhages. Leaves—sudorific and aperient. Young leaves and flowering heads are consumed by diabetics.

Key application: In dyspeptic complaints. As an ingredient of formulations for toxic liver damage; chronic inflammatory liver disease and hepatic cirrhosis induced by alcohol, drugs or toxins. (Expanded Commission E Monographs, WHO.)

The seeds gave silymarin (flavanol lignin mixture), composed mainly of silybin A, silybin B (mixture known as silibinin), with isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silychristin, silydianin. In Germany, Milk Thistle has been used extensively for liver diseases and jaundice. Sily- marin has been shown conclusively to exert an antihepatotoxic effect in animals against a variety of toxins, particularly those of death cap mushroom, Amanita phalloides. Silybin, when given by intravenous injection to human patients up to 48 hours after ingestion of the death cap, was found to be highly effective in preventing fatalities.

Silymarin has been used successfully to treat patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis; it is active against hepatitis B virus, and lowers fat deposits in the liver in animals.

(For hepatic cirrhosis: 420 mg per day; for chronic active hepatitis 240 mg twice daily—extract containing 7080% silimarin.)... silybum marianum

Dusty Miller. Senecio maritimus L. German: Aschenpflanze. French: Cendriette. Spanish: Cineraria. Italian: Cenerina. Originally an American plant. Now grows freely in Britain and the Continent. For affections of the anterior chamber of the eye. One or two drops of fresh sterilised juice instilled into the eye 2-3 times daily for several weeks have been known to remove cataract. Not used internally because of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. ... cineraria maritima

An inherited muscle-wasting disease of the legs (see peroneal muscular atrophy).... charcot–marie–tooth disease

(peroneal muscular atrophy) a group of inherited diseases of the peripheral nerves, also known as hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy, causing a gradually progressive weakness and wasting of the muscles of the legs and the lower part of the thighs. The hands and arms are eventually affected. The genetic defect responsible for the most common form, type Ia, is a duplication on chromosome 17. The diagnosis is made by nerve conduction tests followed by genetic blood tests. [J. M. Charcot; P. Marie (1853–1940), French physician; H. H. Tooth (1856–1925), British physician]... charcot–marie–tooth disease

obstruction of the outlet of the bladder caused by enlargement of the muscle cells in the neck of the bladder. [J. B. C. G. Marion (1869–1960), French surgeon]... marion’s disease