Ost: From 1 Different Sources
(oste-, osteo-) combining form denoting bone. Examples: ostalgia (pain in); osteocarcinoma (carcinoma of); osteonecrosis (death of); osteoplasty (plastic surgery of).
Softening of the bones, resulting from vitamin D deficiency... osteomalacia
A system of medicine that emphasizes the theory that the body can make its own remedies, given normal structural relationships, environmental conditions, and nutrition. It differs from allopathy primarily in its greater attention to body mechanics and manipulative methods in diagnosis and therapy.... osteopathy
The softening of bone mass and the widening of the bone canals. This occurs with both age and diminished physical activity. Since women live longer, they are more likely to show such signs. (WARNING! Tirade Ahead!) There is little doubt that the condition is increasing among American women, and is starting to show itself at an earlier age. This is called “improved diagnostic methods” (harumph). The statistics that show the rise to be strongest in women that have used steroid hormone therapies in their earlier years seems to have escaped the notice of current Medical Conventional Wisdom. This states that ALL women need medical care against osteoporosis going into menopause, and the primary treatment is...steroid hormones (this year, at least). I know this may sound smarmy, coming from some long-in-the-tooth hippy male, but I would be far more impressed if SERIOUS attention was given to carefully defining the parameters of a woman’s risks. The road of medicine is strewn with four decades of well-intended universal hormone approaches to women’s health...embarrassedly forgotten. The idea of universal HRT for a whole generation of menopausal women seems like a frightening experiment in medical fascism and band-wagon hubris. There is no attention given as to WHY our future elders are suddenly stricken with a medical problem. Were birth-control pills, made up of synthetic digestion-proof steroid analogues, a major cause? Has our food become simply inadequate and over-pocessed? Have the decades of exposure by women to xeno-estrogens that are derived from degraded insecticides had more effect than the ones claimed by environmental watch-dog groups...the rise in breast and prostate cancer, the halving of the sperm count in Caucasian males and little-dicked alligators reported from Florida? Is the synthetic flavor in that pink bubble gum to blame? Perhaps its the fumes released from the early Barbies? FDS? There must be some reason, but the present medical answer is only HRT and (if politics allow) Jane Fonda tapes.... osteoporosis
In?ammation of the BONE as a result of infection (see BONE, DISEASES OF).... osteomyelitis
Osteitis means in?ammation in the substance of a BONE. Traumatic osteitis is a condition particularly common in footballers, in which the victim complains of pain in the groin following exercise, particularly if this has involved much hip rotation. Examination reveals di?culty in spreading the legs and marked tenderness over the symphysis pubis. It responds well to rest and the administration of non-steroidal antiin?ammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as ibuprofen or indomethacin.... osteitis
This includes a group of diseases involving degeneration of the centre of OSSIFICATION (see also BONE) in the growing bones of children and adolescents. They include Kohler’s disease, OSGOOD-SCHLATTER’S DISEASE, and PERTHES’ DISEASE.... osteochondrosis
A hereditary disease due to an inherited abnormality of COLLAGEN. It is characterised by extreme fragility of the skeleton, resulting in fractures and deformities. It may be accompanied by blue sclera (the outermost, normally white coat of the eyeball), transparent teeth, hypermobility (excessive range of movement) of the joints, deafness, and dwar?sm (shortness of stature). The exact cause is not known, although there is some evidence that it may be associated with collagen formation. Parents of affected children can obtain help and advice from the Brittle Bone Society.... osteogenesis imperfecta
Osteosarcoma, or osteogenic sarcoma, is the most common, and most malignant, tumour of bone (see BONE, DISORDERS OF). It occurs predominantly in older children and young adults; the most common site is at the ends of the long bones of the body – i.e. the femur, tibia and humerus. Treatment is by CHEMOTHERAPY and surgical reconstruction or amputation of the affected limb. The ?ve-year survival rate is over 70 per cent.... osteosarcoma
The operation of cutting of a BONE.... osteotomy
See PAGET’S DISEASE OF BONE.... osteitis deformans
A cell responsible for the production of BONE (see OSSIFICATION).... osteoblast
In?ammation of both BONE and CARTILAGE. It is a not uncommon cause of BACKACHE in young people, particularly gymnasts.... osteochondritis
A cell that resorbs calci?ed BONE.... osteoclast
A BONE cell formed from an OSTEOBLAST or bone-forming cell that has stopped its activity. The cell is embedded in the matrix of the bone.... osteocyte
See OSSIFICATION.... osteogenesis
See OSTEOSARCOMA.... osteogenic sarcoma
A prefix denoting a relationship to bone, as in osteoporosis, a condition in which the bones thin and weaken.... osteo-
A noncancerous bone tumour, which is formed from a stalk of bone capped with cartilage, and appears as a hard round swelling near a joint. An osteochondroma develops in late childhood and early adolescence, usually from the side of a long bone near the knee or shoulder. The tumour causes problems only if it interferes with movement of tendons or the surrounding joint, in which case it may be removed surgically. Large osteochondromas can interfere with skeletal growth, causing deformity.... osteochondroma
An outgrowth of bone at the boundary of a joint. The formation of osteophytes is a characteristic feature of osteoarthritis that contributes to the deformity and restricted movement of affected joints.... osteophyte
Pain in the bones... ostalgia
A pathological rather than a clinical entity. The term refers to the replacement of BONE by a highly cellular and vascular connective tissue. It is the result of osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity and is due to excessive PARATHYROID activity. It is thus seen in a proportion of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and in patients with uraemic osteodystrophy; that is, the secondary hyperparathyroidism that occurs in patients with chronic renal disease.... osteitis fibrosa cystica
Bony spurs or projections. They occur most commonly at the margins of areas of bone affected by OSTEOARTHRITIS.... osteophytes
(Italian) From the ancient city Ostiah, Ostea, Osteah, Ostiya, Ostiyah... ostia
Osteo-arthritis. Erosion of cartilage of a joint with pain and stiffness. “Wear and tear” arthritis of the over 50s, affecting hands, knees, spine or hips. Biochemical changes in the cartilage stimulate overgrowth of bone cells (hyperplasia) which is an effort by the body to correct the disturbance.
Common in the elderly and menopausal women. Calcium salts may be laid down in a joint believed to be due to errors of diet. Small crystals of calcium hydroxyapatite have been observed to form in cartilage and synovial fluid. (Research group: St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London)
The aged sometimes suffer from diminished supply of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, and which is necessary for normal calcium metabolism. An effective substitute is 2 teaspoons cider vinegar in a glass of water sipped before or during meals.
Alte rnative s. Black Cohosh and Meadowsweet (natural sources of salicylic acid), Asafoetida (inflammation of connective tissue), Hawthorn (efficient circulation of the blood), Poke root, Bladderwrack, Guaiacum, Devil’s Claw, Bogbean, White Poplar bark, Yucca leaves.
Tea. Celery seeds. 1 teaspoon to each cup boiling water. Infuse 15 minutes. Half-1 cup, 2-3 times daily, before meals. Comfrey tea.
Alternative formulae:– Powders. White Willow 2; Devil’s Claw 1; Black Cohosh half; Guaiacum quarter. Mix. Dose: 500mg (two 00 capsules or one-third teaspoon). Thrice daily in water or Nettle tea. Liquid extracts. White Willow 2; Devil’s Claw 1; Bogbean 1; Fennel 1; Tincture Capsicum quarter. Mix. 1 teaspoon thrice daily in water or Nettle tea.
Tinctures. Bogbean 2; Meadowsweet 2; Black Cohosh 1; Guaiacum quarter; Peppermint quarter. Mix. Dose: 2 teaspoons thrice daily.
Tablets/capsules: Devil’s Claw, Wild Yam, Ligvites.
Cod liver oil. Chief of the iodised oils. Can reach and nourish cartilage by the process of osmosis. Its constituents filter into cartilage, imparting increased elasticity which prevents degeneration. Known to soften-up fibrous tissue. 2 teaspoons once daily. Also helps correct uric acid metabolism.
Topical. Physiotherapy. Osteopathy. Jojoba oil packs. Capsicum Cream. Hot and cold compresses twice daily – followed by a cold compress at night, leaving on when in bed. Hot Epsom salt bath twice weekly. Diet. Oily fish: see entry. Low fat. Low salt. High fibre. Avoid lemons and other citrus fruits. Lemon juice may remove some calculi from the body but later begins to remove calcium from the bones. Supplementation. Pantothenic acid 10mg; Vitamin A 7500iu; Vitamin B6 25mg; Vitamin E 400iu; Zinc 25mg.
General. Warm dry climate often relieves. Surgery may be necessary. Herbs Pleurisy root, Comfrey root and Bryonia, sustain the constitution and promote tissue healing after joint replacements with ceramic substitute after the famous Charnley operation. The condition is disabling but it is possible to manage successfully, maintaining normal activities with minimum difficulty. ... arthritis – osteo
See: ARTHRITIS, OSTEO. ... osteo-arthritis
A bone disorder in which a tiny abnormal area of bone, usually in a long bone, causes deep pain, which is typically worse at night. The condition is cured by removing the area of bone. (See also osteoma.)... osteoid osteoma
The term used to describe a surgical opening or a junction of 2 hollow organs (for example, colostomy).... ostomy
the skeletal abnormalities, collectively, of *pseudohypoparathyroidism. These include short stature, abnormally short fingers and toes (particularly involving the fourth and fifth metacarpals and metatarsals), and soft-tissue calcification. [F. Albright (1900–69), US physician]... albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy
see dry socket.... alveolar osteotis
n. the surgical removal of a bone or a piece of bone. See also osteotomy.... ostectomy
n. any disease of the bone and cartilage adjoining a joint. Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy is characterized by the formation of new bony tissue and occurs as a complication of chronic diseases of the chest, including pulmonary abscess, mesothelioma, and lung cancer.... osteoarthropathy
n. see osteoarthritis.... osteoarthrosis
n. surgical excision of the bone adjoining a joint.... osteoarthrotomy
(osteoclasis) n. 1. (osteoclasty) the deliberate breaking of a malformed or malunited bone, carried out by a surgeon to correct deformity. 2. dissolution of bone through disease (see osteolysis).... osteoclasia
n. 1. remodelling of bone by *osteoclasts, during growth or the healing of a fracture. 2. see osteoclasia.... osteoclasis
n. a rare tumour of bone, caused by proliferation of *osteoclast cells.... osteoclastoma
adj. arising in, derived from, or composed of any of the tissues that are concerned with the production of bone. An osteogenic sarcoma (see osteosarcoma) affects bone-producing cells.... osteogenic
n. the study of the structure and function of bones and related structures.... osteology
(osteoclasia) n. dissolution of bone through disease, commonly by infection or by loss of the blood supply (ischaemia) to the bone. In acro-osteolysis the terminal bones of the fingers or toes are affected: a common feature of some disorders involving blood vessels (including *Raynaud’s disease), *scleroderma, and systemic *lupus erythematosus.... osteolysis
see ostiomeatal complex.... osteomeatal complex
n. death of bony tissue, usually adjacent to a joint surface where it is enclosed by avascular cartilage. It is usually caused by loss of blood supply (avascular necrosis) due to trauma and is a definitive feature in a variety of conditions, including *Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, *sickle-cell disease, *Gaucher’s disease, epiphyseal infection and fractures, alcohol abuse, and high-dosage corticosteroids. Sites that are particularly susceptible include the head of the femur, the scaphoid and lunate bones of the wrist, the *capitulum of the humerus, and the talus and navicular bones of the ankle. In its earliest stages there is localized pain without any changes visible on X-ray examination; a *bone scan or MRI will assist with diagnosis.... osteonecrosis
n. a condition in which bone mineral density is lower than normal, but less severe than *osteoporosis (see T score). It may be generalized or localized, due to inflammation.... osteopenia
n. a surgical chisel designed to cut bone (see illustration).... osteotome
(osteomeatal complex) the part of the *paranasal sinuses where the frontal, maxillary, and anterior ethmoid sinuses communicate with the interior of the nose, which is affected in chronic *rhinosinusitis. *Endoscopic sinus surgery is often aimed at improving the function of this region.... ostiomeatal complex
see osteodystrophy.... renal osteodystrophy
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