Pinus excelsa Health Dictionary

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Pinus Excelsa: From 1 Different Sources

Wall. ex D. Don.

Synonym: P. wallichiana A. B. Jackson.

Family: Pinaceae.

Habitat: Himalayas from Kashmir to Bhutan at 1,800-3,700 m, also Assam.

English: Indian Blue Pine, Bhutan Pine, Five-leaved Pine.

Ayurvedic: Sarala (var.). Folk: Chillaa.

Action: Uses similar to Pinus roxburghii.

The essential oil contains alpha-and beta-pinene as major constituents.
Health Source: Indian Medicinal Plants
Author: Health Dictionary

Ailanthus Excelsa

Roxb.

Family: Simaroubaceae.

Habitat: Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Orissa and southern India.

English: Tree of Heaven, Maharukh.

Ayurvedic: Aralu, Katvanga, Dirghavranta, Puutivrksha, Bhallu- ka. (Mahaanimba is a synonym of Melia azedarach Linn.)

Siddha: Perru, Perumaruttu, Peruppi.

Action: Bark—bitter, astringent, febrifuge, anthelminitic, antispas- modic, expectorant (used in asthma, bronchitis). Also used for dysentery as a substitute for Holarrhena antidysenterica.

Bark and leaves—used as tonic in debility, especially after childbirth. Leaves—used as adulterant for Ad- hatoda zeylanica leaves.

Along with other therapeutic applications, The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India indicates the use of stembark in high fevers and giddiness.

The bark contains several quassi- noids including ailanthone derivatives. They exhibit antitumour activity against P-388 lymphocytic leukaemia and are cytotoxic against KB test system.

Dosage: Stembark—1-3 g (API Vol. III.) Decoction—50-100 ml. (CCRAS.)... ailanthus excelsa

Altingia Excelsa

Noronha

Family: Altingiaceae.

Habitat: Assam and Arunachal Pradesh.

English: Storax, Oriental Sweet Gum.

Ayurvedic: Shilaarasa, Turushka, Silhaka (substitute for Liquidamber orientalis, Hamamelidaceae).

Siddha/Tamil: Neriyurishippal.

Action: Resin—carminative, stomachic, antiscorbutic expectorant, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antistress, hepatoprotective. Externally used in scabies and leucoderma.

The ethyl acetate extract of the root of A. excelsa was studied for antistress effect in a variety of biological models of stress; also in stress-induced ulcers and CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. Antistress was the most significant pharmacological property of the Storax.... altingia excelsa

Pinus Gerardiana

Wall.

Family: Pinaceae.

Habitat: Northwest Himalayas from Garhwal eastwards at altitudes of 1,800-3,000 m.

English: Neosia Pine, Edible Pine, Chilgoza Pine.

Ayurvedic: Nikochaka. Unani: Chilgozaa.

Action: Kernels—stimulant, carminative, expectorant. Oil from seeds—externally used for wounds and ulcers.

The kernels gave protein 15.9, fat 49.9, carbohydrates 21.6 and mineral matter 2.9%. The mineral constituents include calcium 90.8, phosphorus 92.4 and iron 2.4 mg/100 g. Pectin is present to the extent of 1.73% (calculated as calcium pectate). Seed protein on hydrolysis gave amino acids—leucine, iso- leucine, valine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and methionine. The oil gave glycerides. The essential oil from oleoresin contains alpha-and beta-pi- nene as major constituents; other constituents are sesquiterpenes.... pinus gerardiana

Pinus Khasya

Royle.

Synonym: P. insularis Endl.

Family: Pinaceae.

Habitat: Assam; introduced into hills of North Bengal.

English: Khasi Pine.

Ayurvedic: Sarala var.

Folk: Digsaa (Khasia).

Action: Spasmolytic, antimicrobial. Oleo-resin—considered superior to that of P. roxburghii for turpentine. The bark contains 7-10% of tannin.

The essential oil from oleoresin contains chiefly alpha-pinene. Other constituents are beta-pinene, longifoline and sesquiterpenes. Abetic acid from rosin possesses weak cardiac and spasmolytic activities.... pinus khasya

Pinus Succinifera

(Goppert) Cornw.

Family: Pinaceae.

Habitat: Native of northern scandinavia.

English: Baltic Amber, Succinite.

Unani: Ambar, Kahruubaa,

Action: Cardiac tonic, styptic. Vateria indica is used in Unani medicine as a substitute for P succinifera gum-resin (Fossil-resin).... pinus succinifera

Pinus Roxburghii

Sarg.

Synonym: P. longifolia Roxb.

Family: Pinaceae.

Habitat: The Western and Eastern Himalayas.

English: Long-leaved Pine, Three- leaved Pine, Chir Pine.

Ayurvedic: Sarala, Pita-vriksha, Surabhidaaruka, Dhuupavriksha, Namasu. Oleo-resin—Shriveshtaka, Ghandh-Birojaa.

Unani: Sanobar-ul-Hindi. Oleoresin—Gandh-Bihrojaa, Qinn, Berzad.

Siddha/Tamil: Simaidevadaru.

Action: Needle, needle oil— decongestant, expectorant, antiseptic. Oil—used in cough and cold remedies, particularly inhalations and in rubefacients for rheumatism and muscle stiffness. Resin— expectorant, antiseptic, antipruritic.

The essential oil from oleoresin contains chiefly alpha-and beta-pinene; carene and longifoline.

Pinus pinaster Ait (Cluster Pine, Maritime Pine) has been successfully grown in Kulu, Manali and Rahini. German Commission E recognized the efficacy of the needle-oil in catarrhal diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract (internally, as well as externally).

Dosage: Heartwood, root—1-3 g powder. (API, Vol. III.)... pinus roxburghii

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