A common skin condition of childhood and adolescence.
Irregular, fine, scaly, pale patches appear on the face.
Caused by mild eczema, it usually clears up with emollients.
Irregular, fine, scaly, pale patches appear on the face.
Caused by mild eczema, it usually clears up with emollients.
Pityriasis alba is a mild form of chronic eczema (see DERMATITIS) occurring mainly in children on the face and in young adults on the upper arms. It is characterised by round or oval ?aky patches which are paler than the surrounding skin due to partial loss of MELANIN pigment. The appearance is more dramatic in dark-skinned or suntanned subjects. Moisturising cream often su?ces, but 1 per cent HYDROCORTISONE cream is more e?ective.
Pityriasis rosea is a common self-limiting eruption seen mainly in young adults. It usually begins as a solitary red ?aky patch (often misdiagnosed as ringworm). Within a week this ‘herald patch’ is followed by a profuse symmetrical eruption of smaller rose-pink, ?aky, oval lesions on the trunk and neck but largely sparing the limbs and face. Itching is variable. The eruption usually peaks within 3 weeks and fades away leaving collarettes of scale, disappearing within 6–7 weeks. It rarely recurs and a viral cause is suspected but not proved. It is not contagious and there is no speci?c treatment, but crotamiton cream (Eurax) may relieve discomfort.... pityriasis
Albaney, Albani, Albanie, Albanee, Albanye, Albin, Alban, Albhda, Albinia, Albinka, Albiona, Aubine, Aubina, Albanea, Albaneah... albany
Habitat: Grown as a pot herb in almost every part of India, except hills.
English: Indian Spinach.Ayurvedic: Upodikaa, Potaki, Maalvaa, Amritvallari.Siddha/Tamil: Vaslakkirai.Folk: Poi.Action: Demulcent, diuretic, laxative (a good substitute for spinach and purslane). Used as a cooling medicine in digestive disorders. Leaf juice is used in balanitis and catarrhal affections. Externally applied in urticaria, burns, scalds. Root—decoction is given to stop bilious vomiting and in intestinal complaints. Used as poultice to reduce local swellings; sap is used in acne.
Used for checking malnutrition in children.The essential amino acids are argi- nine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, threonine and tryptophan. The plant contains several vitamins and minerals, is rich in calcium and iron compounds and contains a low percentage of soluble oxalates. The leaves also contain carotenoids, organic acids and water- soluble polysaccharides, bioflavonoids and vitamin K.Dosage: Whole plant—10-20 ml juice. (CCRAS.)... basella albaHabitat: Native of Europe and West Asia. Cultivated in North India as a crop.
English: White Mustard.Ayurvedic: Siddhaartha, Shveta Sarshapa, Sarshapa-Gaura.Unani: Khardal Safed.Siddha/Tamil: Venkadugu.Folk: Safed Raai.Action: Stimulant to gastric mucosa, increases pancreatic secretions; emetic (used in narcotic poisoning), diaphoretic, rubefacient. (As a counter-irritant it increases flow of blood to a specific area.) Used externally as a poultice in bronchitis, pleurisy, intercostal neuralgia, chilbains.
Seeds contain glucosinolates. Sinalbin in B. alba and sinigrin in B. juneja oil are toxic constituents. The oil with toxic constituents should be avoided in gastrointestinal ulcers and kidney disorders. When moistened, sinigrin in the seeds is degraded to allyl isothiocyanate, a potent irritant volatile oil. (Francis Brinker.)Glucosinolates are goitrogenic. Excessive consumption of Brassica sp. vegetables may alter absorption of thyroid hormone in G2 tract. (Sharon M. Herr.)... brassica albaHabitat: Throughout India in plains; wastelands, roadsides and gardens.
Ayurvedic: Dhattuura (white var.). (Dhattura consists of dried seeds of Datura sp.)Unani: Dhaturaa.Action: See D. Metel Linn.... datura alba
Habitat: Native to Europe and Asia; grown in North India.
English: White Sweet Clover.Unani: Ilkil-ul-Malik, Naakhunaa (white-flowered var.).Action: See Melilotus indica.... melilotus alba
Habitat: Throughout India, up to 2,000 m on the hills.
English: Trailing Eclipta Plant.Ayurvedic: Bhringaraaja, Bhringa, Bhringaja, Bhrngaaraka, Bhrngaara, Maarkava, Kesharaaja, Keshranjana.Siddha/Tamil: Karisalaankanni.Folk: Bhangaraa.Action: Deobstruent, antihepato- toxic, anticatarrhal, febrifuge. Used in hepatitis, spleen enlargements, chronic skin diseases. Leaf—promotes hair growth. Its extract in oil is applied to scalp before bed time in insomnia. The herb is also used as an ingredient in shampoos.
Key application: As hepatoprotec- tive. (Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia; The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India.)The herb should be dried at room temperature under shade. Its active principles are lost due to aerial oxidation during sun drying or drying under reduced pressure below 40°C. The herb contains wedelolactone and demethyl- wedelolactone, which showed a dose- dependenteffectagainstCCl4, d-galac- tosamine- or phalloidin-induced cyto- toxicity in primary cultured rat hep- atocytes, and exhibited potent anti- hepatotoxic property. The whole plant shows effect on liver cell regeneration. Immunoactive property has been observed against surface antigen of hepatitis B-virus. The plant is also reported to be effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer, inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, diseases of the gallbladder and skin infections.Aqueous extract of leaves exhibits myocardial depressant and hypoten- sive activity (unrelated to cholinergic and histaminergic effects).The roots are very rich in thio- phene acetylenes. Thiophene derivatives show activity against nematodes.Dosage: Whole plant—3-6 ml fresh juice; 13-36 g for decoction. (API Vol. II.)... eclipta albaHabitat: Native to China; cultivated in Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Kashmir and North-Western Himalayas. English: Chinese White-Mulberry. Unani: Shahtuut, Tuut.
Action: Fruit—cooling, mild laxative. Used for sore throat, dyspepsia and melancholia. Leaves and root bark—expectorant, diuretic, hypotensive. Bark extract—hypoglycaemic. Leaf— anti-inflammatory, emollient, diaphoretic. Used as a gargle in inflammations of the throat.
The plant is rich in phenolics. The leaves gave flavonoids (including rutin, moracetin); anthocyanins (cyanidin and delphinidin glucosides); artocarpin, cycloartocarpin and analogues. The root bark contained fla- vonoids including the kuwanons, san- gennons, mulberrosides and mulber- rofurans.Hot water extract of the dried mulberry leaves fed to rabbits on 1% cholesterol diet exhibited significant hypolip- idaemic or hypocholesterolaemic effect. In addition, suppression of hepatic enlargement and fat deposition in the hepatic cells was also observed.An aqueous methanol extract of the root bark significantly reduced plasma sugar levels in mice.The extract also showed anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity in exudative, proliferative and chronic phases of inflammation.Aqueous and alkali extracts of leaves and stems are active against GramPositive bacteria and yeast.... morus albaHabitat: Kashmir (in lakes).
English: European White Water-lily.Ayurvedic: Kumuda, Utpala (white- flowered var.) (Mahotpla is the synonym of Nelumbo nucifera.)Unani: Nilofar.Siddha/Tamil: Alli (water lilies).Action: Flowers and rhizomes—astringent, demulcent, mild sedative, spasmolytic, antiseptic, antimicrobial. Used in the form of an infusion internally for chronic diarrhoea, as a douche for leucorrhoea and vaginitis, as a gargle for sore throat. Also given internally in prostatis.... nymphaea alba
Habitat: Native to West Indies; cultivated in Indian gardens.
English: White Champa.Ayurvedic: Kshira Champaka (white-flowered var.).Siddha/Tamil: Perumal Arali, Seemai Arali.Action: Root bark—used in blenn- orrhagia. Bark and latex—used externally in herpes, syphilitic ulcers and scabies. Seed—haemostatic.
The root gave iridoids—iso-plu- mericin, plumericin, plumieride, plu- mieride coumarate and its glucoside. The bark gave alpha-and beta-amyrin and their acetates, beta-sitosterol, sco- poletin and plumieride. The flowers also contain plumieride coumarate and its glucoside, in addition to quercetin derivatives.... plumeria albaHabitat: Northwestern Himalaya at 1,200-3,000 m, also grown in avenues.
English: White Poplar.Folk: Safedaa, Jangali Fraas.Action: Bark—antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antipyretic, diuretic, febrifuge, stimulant, antiseptic. Used for arthritis, rheumatic affections, cystitis and other urinary diseases, stomach and liver disorders, anorexia and debility.
Key application: Unopened leaf- buds externally for haemorrhoids, frostbite and sunburn. (German Commission E.)The bark contains glycosides, salicin and populin, erisin and tannin (5-9%). Salicin, a bitter tonic and antiperiod- ic, is used like quinine in intermittent fever, also in rheumatism.... populus albaHabitat: Asian Minor region. Cultivated in Indian gardens.
English: Common English Dog Rose, White Cottage Rose.Ayurvedic: Sevati, Shveta Taruni. (Flowers—white or bluish.)Unani: Sevati. Garden var.— Gul-safed Bustaani, Vard Abyaz. Wild var.—Gul-safed Sahraai, Vard Abyaz Barri.Action: Flower—cardiac tonic, prescribed in palpitation of heart, febrifuge. Petal—laxative.
Rose hip contains pectin, citric acid and malic acid which are responsible for its laxative activity.The pollen contains carotene (2.08 mg/100 g), free and bound amino acids and sugars.The major constituents of the essential oil are geraniol, beta-phenylethyl alcohol, beta-geranic acid, geraniol esters, nerol, citronellol, eugenol, methyl- eugenol and benzoate.R. Canina Linn. is equated with (Indian) Dog Rose. The anthocyanin, isolated from the petals, exhibits radio- protective effect. The scavenging and antilipoperoxidant activities of the fruit depend on the polyphenol content.... rosa albaHabitat: North-western Himalayas, up to an altitude of 2,400 m.
English: White Willow, European Willow.Ayurvedic: Jalavetasa.Unani: Bed Saadaa.Folk: Vivir (Kashmir).Action: Analgesic, antiinflammatory, febrifuge. Used for rheumatic inflammation, painful muscles, spondylitis, lumbago, sciatica, neuralgia, gout and fever. (In 1838, chemists identified salicylic acid in the bark. Afterwards, synthesized it as acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin, in 1899.)
Key application: In diseases accompanied by fever, headache, rheumatic ailments. (German Commission E.) The British Herbal Pharmacopoeia reported anti- inflammatory action. The British Herbal Compendium additionally reported analgesic, antipyretic, antirheumatic and astringent actions of the willow bark.The bark contains phenolic glyco- sides; salicin, picein and triandrin with esters of salicylic acid and salicyl alcohol, acetylated salicin, salicortin and salireposide; tannins; catechin; p- coumaric acid; flavonoids and polysac- charides.Salicylic acid inhibits prostaglandin production, relives pain and brings down fever.... salix albaProlonged use may cause weight gain.... pityriasis rosea
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