Risk Assessment: From 2 Different Sources
The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences.
(in psychiatry) an assessment of the risk that a patient may pose at a given time, which is part of every *mental state examination. Risk assessments are based primarily on past behaviour and certain aspects of current behaviour. They are usually divided into risk to the patient him- or herself, risk to others, and risk of neglect. Such assessments are more reliable for predicting short-term risk than long-term risk.
An aspect of personal behaviour or lifestyle, an environmental exposure, or an inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of scientific evidence, is known to be associated with health-related condition(s) considered important to prevent.... risk factor
The function of identifying and assessing problems that could occur and bring about losses legally, clinically or financially.... risk management
See “geriatric assessment”.... assessment
See RISK REGISTER.... at-risk register
This is a structured, multi-disciplinary process for assessing and improving the health consequences of projects and policies in the non-health sector. It combines a range of qualitative and quantitative evidence in preparing conclusions. Applications of the assessments include appraisal of national policies, local urban planning, and the progress of transport, water and agricultural projects.... health impact assessment
A systematic procedure for determining the nature and extent of problems experienced by a specified population that affect their health, either directly or indirectly. Needs assessment makes use of epidemiological, sociodemographic and qualitative methods to describe health problems and their environmental, social, economic and behavioural determinants. See also “geriatric assessment”.... health needs assessment
The probability that an event will occur.... risk
The process of analysing and comparing, on a single scale, the expected positive (benefits) and negative (risks, costs) results of an action, or lack of an action.... risk-benefit analysis
The probability of an event in a population as contrasted with relative risk. See “relative risk”.... absolute risk
A measure of treatment effect that compares the probability (or mean) of a type of outcome in the control group with that of a treatment group.... absolute risk reduction
A risk that has minimal detrimental effects or for which the benefits outweigh the potential hazards.... acceptable risk
Multidisciplinary team of health professionals that is responsible for comprehensive assessments of the needs of older persons, including their suitability for hospital, home or institutional care.... aged care assessment team
A process that allows a person who has been assessed to dispute the assessment, and which provides for the assessment to be changed.... assessment appeal process
A structured process developed to ensure that assessment is relevant, consistent, fair and valid. The system requires rules of operation, a regular review process and competent assessors.... assessment system
In a total population, the proportion of disease incidence, or risk of the disease, that can be attributed to exposure to a specific risk factor; the difference between the risk in the total population and the risk in the unexposed group.... attributable risk
Initially driven by anxiety about the possibility of medical negligence cases, clinical risk management has evolved into the study of IATROGENIC DISEASE. The ?rst priority of risk managers is to ensure that all therapies in medicine are as safe as possible. Allied to this is a recognition that errors may occur even when error-prevention strategies are in place. Lastly, any accidents that occur are analysed, allowing a broader understanding of their cause. Risk management is generally centred on single adverse events. The threat of litigation is taken as an opportunity to expose unsafe conditions of practice and to put pressure on those with the authority to implement change. These might include senior clinicians, hospital management, the purchasing authorities, and even the Secretary of State for Health. Attention is focused on organisational factors rather than on the individuals involved in a speci?c case.... clinical risk management
The ongoing process of evaluating the health needs of a community. Usually facilitates prioritization of needs and a strategy to address them.... community health needs assessment
A process which includes a multidimensional assessment of a person with increasing dependency, including medical, physical, cognitive, social and spiritual components. Can also include the use of standardized assessment instruments and an interdisciplinary team to support the process.... comprehensive geriatric assessment (cga)
Multidimensional, interdisciplinary, diagnostic process used to quantify an older individual’s medical, psychosocial and functional capabilities and problems, with the intention of arriving at a comprehensive plan for therapy and long-term follow-up.... geriatric assessment
See “aged care assessment team”.... geriatric assessment team
The systematic evaluation of properties, effects and/or impacts of health care technology. It may address the direct, intended consequences of technologies as well as their indirect, unintended consequences.... health care technology assessment (hcta)
The process of gathering, analysing and comparing an individual’s prognostic health characteristics with a standard age group, thereby predicting the likelihood that a person may develop a health problem.... health risk appraisal
A chemical, psychological, physiological, social, environmental or genetic factor or conditions that predisposes an individual to the development of a disease or injury.... health risk factor
The systematic evaluation of the properties, effects or other impacts of health care technology. HTA is intended to inform decision-makers about health technologies and may measure the direct or indirect consequences of a given technology or treatment.... health technology assessment (hta)
An assessment of people with health and social care needs by two or more professionals from different disciplines.... multidisciplinary assessment
More than one risk factor for the development of a disease or other outcome is present and their combined presence results in an increased risk. The increased risk may be due to the additive effects of the risks associated with the separate risk factors, or to synergism.... multiple risk / causation
See “geriatric assessment”.... needs assessment
Standardized tools to determine patient characteristics and abilities, what assistance they need and how they may be helped to improve or regain abilities. Patient assessment forms are completed using information gathered from medical records, interviews with the patient, other informants (e.g. family members) and direct observation.... patient assessment (resident)
QAPI establishes strategies for promoting high quality health care. First, each organization must meet certain required levels of performance when providing specific health care and related services. Second, organizations must conduct performance improvement projects that are outcome-oriented and that achieve demonstrable and sustained improvement in care and services. It is expected that an organization will continuously monitor its own performance on a variety of dimensions of care and services, identify its own areas for potential improvement, carry out individual projects to undertake system interventions to improve care, and monitor the effectiveness of those interventions.... quality assessment and performance improvement programme (qapi)
The ratio of the risk of disease or death among the exposed to the risk among the unexposed; this usage is synonymous with risk ratio.... relative risk
An approach consisting of identifying and devoting more care to individuals or groups who, for biological, environmental or socioeconomic reasons, are at special risk of having their health impaired, contracting a specific disease, or having inadequate attention paid to their health problems.... risk approach
The practice of bringing several risks together for insurance purposes in order to balance the consequences of the realization of each individual risk.... risk pooling
Risk rating means that high-risk individuals will pay more than the average premium price.... risk rating
The practice of singling out or disaggregating a particular risk from a pool of insured risks.... risk selection
The distribution of financial risk among parties furnishing a service. For example, if a hospital and a group of medical practitioners form a corporation to provide health care at a fixed price, a risk-sharing arrangement would entail both the hospital and the group being held liable if expenses were to exceed revenues.... risk sharing
The process whereby a person is assessed for care needs using one form/mechanism so that agencies do not duplicate each other’s assessment.... single assessment process
A comprehensive form of policy research that examines the technical, economic and social consequences of technological applications.... technology assessment
an assessment tool that predicts a ten-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease based on gender, age, total and HDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and smoking, thereby enabling preventative treatment. It does not incorporate the presence of diabetes or familial history of cardiovascular disease into the scoring.... framingham risk score
(NCAS) see Practitioner Performance Advice.... national clinical assessment service
an interviewing technique that combines psychiatric history taking with elements of problem solving in *psychotherapy: after a psychiatric history has been elicited, the interviewer summarizes the patient’s difficulties and offers potential solutions. It is often used in patients who have presented with *deliberate self-harm, and research suggests that it offers the possibility of reducing repetition rates in such patients.... psychosocial assessment
(RMI) a scoring system that combines ultrasound findings, menopausal status and age, and serum CA125 levels to give an estimate of the risk of malignancy in a woman with a mass in the Fallopian tubes or ovaries. If the total RMI score is <200 the risk of malignancy is considered to be low. If the total RMI score is >200 the chances of malignancy are raised and management should be planned with a gynaecological oncologist.... risk of malignancy index
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