Rubber dam Health Dictionary

Turnera aphrodisiaca. N.O. Turneraceae.

Habitat: Central America.

Features ? Leaves alternate, wedge-shaped, hairy, shortly stalked, serrate, revolute. Aromatic, rather fig-like taste.

Part used ? Leaves.

Action: Aphrodisiac, tonic.

Used for its aphrodisiac qualities and general tonic effect on the nervous system. The 1 ounce to 1 pint infusion may be taken in wineglass doses thrice daily.... damiana

(Arabic) A beautiful vision Damalie, Damaly, Damaley, Damalee, Damaleigh, Damalea, Damaleah... damali

(American) Of a bright tomorrow Damanie, Damany, Damaney, Damanee, Damanea, Damaneah... damani

(Latin) A gentle woman Damara, Damaress, Damariss, Damariz, Dameris, Damerys, Dameryss, Damiris, Damris, Demaras, Demaris, Demarys, Damalas, Damalis, Damalit, Damalla... damaris

(Indian) One who subdues others; in Hinduism, the name of a princess Damayantie, Damayanty, Damayantey, Damayantee, Damayantea, Damayanteah... damayanti

(English) A female knight Daim, Daime, Daym, Dayme, Daem, Daeme... dame

(Irish) Fawn Devent, Downeti, Devnet, Downett... damhnait

(Greek) In mythology, a goddess of nature

Damea, Damiya, Dimaia, Damiah, Dameah, Damiyah... damia

(Greek) One who tames or subdues others

Damiane, Daimen, Daimon, Daman, Damen, Dameon, Damiana, Damianna, Damianus, Damien, Damion, Damon, Damyan, Damyen, Damyon, Dayman, Daymian, Daymon, Demyan, Damina... damian

(African) A cheerful daughter Damysi, Damisie, Damysie, Damisee, Damysee, Damisea, Damysea, Damiseah, Damyseah, Damisy, Damysy, Damisey, Damysey... damisi

(Spanish) The little princess Damitah, Damyta, Dameeta, Damieta, Damitta, Dameita, Dameata, Damytah, Dameetah, Damietah, Damittah, Dameitah, Dameatah... damita

(Hebrew) Bound by blood... ephes-dammim

Linn.

Family: Ranunculaceae.

Habitat: Native to Southern Europe; cultivated in Indian gardens.

English: Love-in-a-mist.

Ayurvedic: Upakunchikaa (var.).

Siddha: Karumcheerakam.

Action: Seeds—carminative, emmenagogue, anthelmintic. A tincture prepared from the ripe seeds is used against catarrhal inflammations of liver and intestines in homoeopathy.... nigella damascena

Mill.

Family: Rosaceae.

Habitat: Cultivated chiefly in Aligarh, Ghazipur and Kannauj, grown in gardens throughout India.

English: Damask Rose.

Ayurvedic: Taruni. (Flowers—red, pink or white.)

Unani: Gul-e-Surkh, Vard, Vard- e-Ahmar. Stamens—Zard-e-Vard. Fruit—Dalik, Samar-ul-Vard, Smar-e-Gul.

Siddha/Tamil: Irosa.

Folk: Fasali Gulaab.

Action: Flower buds—astringent, expectorant, laxative; used as a cardiac tonic and aperient. Stamens and fruits—astringent. Petals—Gulkand (a confection in sugar)—laxative, anti-inflammatory (used in sore throat and tonsilitis. Rose water—cooling, refrigerant, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory (used as a remedy for skin irritation, also for sore eyes).

All parts of the rose plant yielded quercetin, kaempferol and cyanidin. Lycopene, rubixanthin, zeaxanthin, xanthophyll and taraxanthin have been isolated from the hips. The flowers contain an essential oil with citronel- lol, nerol, geraniol, beta-phenylethanol and its glucoside, eugenol and methyl eugenol; other constituents include organic acids, chlorogenic acid, tannin, cyanin, cyanidin and its 3,5-di- glucoside, quercitrin, carotene and sugars. Pollen from flowers contain carotene (0.76 mg/100 g), sugars (1.0%) and chlorogenic acid (1.5%). Their proline content is found unusually high.

The red colouring matter consists of cyanin (9-10% on dry weight basis); a yellow glucoside of quercetin and quercitrin is also present. Flowers, usually, yield 0.04% oil or otto of rose.

Dog Rose, extensively cultivated in Europe, North Africa and parts of Asia, is equated with Rosa canina Lin. The rose hip contains vitamin C (0.22.0%), malic and citric acid, pectins (15%), invert sugar (12-15%), tannins (2%), carotenoids, flavonoids.

Preparations of Rose hips are used for the prevention and treatment of colds and influenza-type infections, for the treatment vitamin C deficiencies; and for increasing resistance.... rosa damascena

Farmer’s lung. A disease contracted from working in mouldy hay. A wet summer means much moist hay, ideal breeding ground for micro-organisms.

Symptoms: inflammation of the lung and high temperature with dry cough.

Tea: Equal parts; Elderflowers (to reduce temperature). Comfrey leaves (cough), Thyme (antibiotic), Peppermint (to assist breathing). 2 teaspoons to each cup boiling water; infuse 5-15 minutes. 1 cup freely. Alternative: Combine Tinctures: Pleurisy root 2; Lobelia 1; Ginger half. One or two 5ml teaspoons in water 3-4 times daily. ... damp hay disease

n. (in mining) any gas encountered underground other than air. See blackdamp; firedamp.... damp

Degeneration or death of nerve cells and tracts within the brain that may be localized to a particular area of the brain or diffuse. Diffuse damage most commonly results from prolonged cerebral hypoxia (which may occur in a baby during a difficult birth), cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, or causes such as poisoning or status epilepticus (prolonged convulsions). The damage may also occur gradually due to environmental pollutants such as lead or mercury compounds (see Minamata disease) or if nerve-cell poisons build up in the brain, as in untreated phenylketonuria. Other possible causes include brain infections such as encephalitis.

Localized brain damage may occur as a result of a head injury, stroke, brain tumour, or brain abscess. At birth, a raised blood level of bilirubin (in haemolytic disease of the newborn) causes local damage to the basal ganglia deep within the brain. This leads to a condition called kernicterus. Brain damage that occurs before, during, or after birth may result in cerebral palsy.

Damage to the brain may result in disabilities such as learning difficulties or disturbances of movement or speech.

Nerve cells and tracts in the brain and spinal cord cannot repair themselves once they have been damaged, but some return of function may be possible.... brain damage

Rosa damascena

FAMILY: Rosaceae

SYNONYMS: Summer damask rose, Bulgarian rose, Turkish rose (Anatolian rose oil), otto of rose (oil), attar of rose (oil).

GENERAL DESCRIPTION: Small prickly shrub between 1 metre and 2 metres high, with pink, very fragrant blooms with thirty-six petals, and whitish hairy leaves. It requires a very specific soil and climate.

DISTRIBUTION: Believed to be a native of the Orient, now cultivated mainly in Bulgaria, Turkey and France. Similar types are grown in China, India and Russia; however, India produces only rose water and aytar – a mixture of rose otto and sandalwood.

OTHER SPECIES: There are many different subspecies: the Turkish variety is known simply as R. damascena. ‘Trigintipetala’ is the principal cultivar in commercial cultivation, known as the ‘Kazanlik rose’. Bulgaria also grows the white rose (R. damascena var. alba) or the musk rose (R. muscatta) which is used as a windbreak around the damask rose plantations. See also cabbage rose and the Botanical Classification section.

HERBAL/FOLK TRADITION: ‘The damask rose, on account of its fragrance, belongs to the cephalics; but the next valuable virtue that it possesses consists in its cathartic quality ... oil of roses is used by itself to cool hot inflammations or swellings, and to bind and stay fluxes of humours to sores.’.

Rose hips are still current in the British Herbal Pharmacopoeia, mainly due to their high vitamin C content (also A and B). For further general properties, see entry for cabbage rose.

ACTIONS: See cabbage rose.

EXTRACTION: 1. Essential oil or otto by water or steam distillation from the fresh petals. 2. A concrete and absolute by solvent extraction from the fresh petals.

CHARACTERISTICS: 1. A pale yellow or olive yellow liquid with a very rich, deep, sweet-floral, slightly spicy scent. 2. The absolute is a reddishorange or olive viscous liquid with a rich, sweet, spicy-floral, tenacious odour. It blends well with most oils, and is useful for ‘rounding off’ blends. The Bulgarian type is considered superior in perfumery work, but in therapeutic practice it is more a matter of differing properties between the various types of rose.

PRINCIPAL CONSTITUENTS: Mainly citronellal (34–55 per cent), geraniol and nerol (30–40 per cent), stearopten (16–22 per cent), phenyl ethanol (1.5–3 per cent) and farnesol (0.2–2 per cent), with many other trace constituents.

SAFETY DATA: Non-toxic, non-irritant, nonsensitizing.

AROMATHERAPY/HOME: USE See cabbage rose.

OTHER USES: See cabbage rose.... rose, damask