Sonchus arvensis Health Dictionary

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Sonchus Arvensis: From 1 Different Sources

Linn.

Family: Compositae; Asteraceae.

Habitat: Waste places and fields throughout India, up to an altitude of 2,400 m.

English: Corn Sow Thistle.

Ayurvedic: Sahadevi (bigger var.). (Vernonia cinerea is equated with Sahadevi.)

Action: Plant—sedative, hypnotic, anodyne, expectorant, diuretic. Used for nervous debility. Seeds— used for asthma, bronchitis, cough, pertussis, fever; decoction in insomnia. Leaves—applied to swellings. Root—used for diseases of the respiratory tract.

The plant contains amino acids, lipids, polymeric hydrocarbons, polyphenols, protein; alpha- and beta- amyrins, lupeol, pseudotaraxasterol, taraxasterol. The latex contains manni- tol, alpha-and beta-lactucerols. Aerial parts and fruits contain ceryl alcohol, choline, palmitic, tartaric and stearic acids.
Health Source: Indian Medicinal Plants
Author: Health Dictionary

Anagallis Arvensis

Linn.

Family: Primulaceae.

Habitat: Northwestern Himalayas from Kashmir eastwards to Nepal, hills of West Bengal; Central and southern India.

English: Bird's Eye, Bird's Tongue, Blue Pimpernel, Scarlet Pimpernel.

Unani: Anaaghaalis.

Folk: Jonkmaari (Maharashtra), Dhabbar (Punjab), Jighanaa, Jenghani.

Action: Plant—anti-inflammatory, astringent, deobstructant, an- tifungal, nematocidal; toxic to leeches.

The plant yields anagalligenone B. The presence of quaternary alkaloids, gluco-fructoside and tannin have been reported. The root yields glycosidic saponins, including cyclamin. An acetyl saponin, isolated from the plant, was found to possess marked taenici- dal activity but had no effect on round- worms.

A methanolic extract of the aerial parts showed activity against herpes simplex I, adenovirus type II and polio type II. Triterepene saponins have oestrogenic activity.... anagallis arvensis

Convolvulus Arvensis

Linn.

Family: Convolvulaceae.

Habitat: Throughout India, up to 3,000 m in the Himalayas.

English: Deer's Foot.

Ayurvedic: Bhadrabalaa, Hiranpadi.

Unani: Lablaab.

Folk: Hirankhuri, Haranpagaa.

Action: Plant—cooling, anticonvul- sant. Root—cathartic.

Plant extract—hypotensive in cats; raises coronary rate. Alkaloids—hy- potensive, without vasodilation. EtOH extract—anticonvulsant in rats. Aqueous extract—exhibited muscarinic and micotinic activity.

The dried rhizome contains 4.9% resin. The cathartic action of the resinous substance is about one third of that of jalap (Ipomoea purga Hayne) resin.

All parts of the plant contain beta- Me-esculetin; aerial parts n-alkanes, n-alkanols, alpha-amyrin and sterols; roots gave cuscohygrine.... convolvulus arvensis

Mentha Arvensis

Linn. var. piperascens Holmes.

Family: Labiatae; Lamiaceae.

Habitat: Cultivated in Jammu and Kashmir.

English: Japanese Mint.

Unani: Naanaa.

Action: Carminative, chola- gogue, expectorant, antibacterial, antifungal.

Key application: Mint oil— internally for flatulence, functional gastrointestinal and gallbladder disorders; catarrhs of the upper respiratory tract. Externally, for myalgia and neuralgia. (German Commission E.)

Major components of the essential oil are menthol (up to 95%) and men- thone. Others are alpha-and beta- pinene, alpha-thujene, l-limonene, beta-phellandrene, furfural, methyl- cyclohexanone and camphene. The essential oil possesses both antibacterial and antifungal properties.

The leaves show anti-implantation effect. Seeds showed abortifacient activity (29%) in albino rats with marked malformations in neonates where pregnancy was not terminated.... mentha arvensis

Ranunculus Arvensis

Linn.

Family: Ranunculaceae.

Habitat: The Western Himalayas from Kashmir to Kumaon.

English: Corn Buttercup.

Folk: Chambul (Punjab). Gager- kanda (Kashmir).

Action: Used in intermittent fevers, asthma and gout.

The active principle of the herb is protoanemonin (0.54%) and its glyco- sidic precursor, ranunculin. The herb yields hydrocyanic acid in very small amounts.

The leaves contain the antifungal lactone protoanemonin which inhibited growth of Epidermophyton floccosum and the yeast Rhodotorula glutinis.... ranunculus arvensis

Sonchus Asper

Hill

Family: Compositae; Asteraceae.

Habitat: Waste places and fields throughout India, up to elevation of 3,600 m.

English: Spinyleaved Sow Thistle.

Ayurvedic: Sahadevi (bigger var.).

Folk: Didhi, Mhaataaraa (Maharashtra).

Action: Emollient. Pounded and applied to wounds and boils.

The latex contains rubber, alpha- and beta-lactucerols, ceryl alcohol, mannitol and traces of acetic acid. The whole plant contains the sesquiter- pene glycosides and ionone glycosides. Ascorbic acid (27 mg/100 g) is present in the plant.... sonchus asper

Sonchus Oleraceus

Linn.

Family: Compositae; Asteraceae.

Habitat: Waste places throughout India, up to elevation of 2,400 m.

English: Milk Thistle (a confusing synonym. Silybum marianum has been equated with Milk Thistle.)

Folk: Duudhi, Dodaka, Dudhaali.

Action: Galactagogue, febrifuge, sedative, vermifuge. Used in indigestion and in the treatment of diseases of the liver. An ointment is made from the decoction for wounds and ulcers.

The leaves contain luteolin, luteolin- 7-O-glucoside; hydroxycoumarins, cichoriin and scopoletin. Apigenin-7-O- glucoside was also obtained from the leaves and stems. Young leaves are reported to contain 4.1 mg/100 g of vitamin C.... sonchus oleraceus

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