Tox: From 1 Different Sources
(toxi-, toxo-, toxic(o)-) combining form denoting 1. poisonous; toxic. 2. toxins or poisoning.
The condition of general poisoning caused by the entrance of soluble bacterial toxins into the blood... toxaemia
A zoonotic disease caused by the apicomplexan protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. The definitive hosts of this parasite species are felids (cats).... toxoplasmosis
The toxin of the anaerobic bacterium CLOSTRIDIUM botulinum is now routinely used to treat focal DYSTONIA in adults. This includes blepharospasm (see EYE, DISORDERS OF), SPASMODIC TORTICOLLIS, muscular spasms of the face, squint and some types of tremor. Injected close to where the nerve enters the affected muscles, the toxin blocks nerve transmissions for up to four months, so relieving symptoms. The toxin is also used in cerebral palsy. Although very e?ective, there are many possible unwanted effects, especially if too high a dose is used or the injection is misplaced.... botulinum toxin
First described in 1978, this disorder is characterised by high fever, diarrhoea, SHOCK and a rash. It is frequently associated with the use of tampons (see TAMPON), but has occasionally been reported in men. The syndrome may also be linked to the use of contraceptives such as the diaphragm, cap and sponge (see under CONTRACEPTION), and skin wounds or infections may also be a cause. The disease is due to a staphylococcal toxin (see STAPHYLOCOCCUS; TOXINS). Treatment consists of supportive measures to combat shock and eradication of the staphylococcus by ANTIBIOTICS. The design of tampons has been improved. Recurrence of the disorder has been reported and women who have had an episode should stop using tampons and vaginal contraceptives.... toxic shock syndrome
The ability to cause ill effects. Poisoning.... toxicity
The science dealing with POISONS.... toxicology
A disease acquired by swallowing the ova (eggs) of a roundworm which lives in the intestine of cats (Toxocara cati) or dogs (Toxocara canis). In humans, the small larval worms produced by these ova migrate to various parts of the body, including the retina of the EYE, where they then die, producing a small GRANULOMA which in turn may produce allergic reactions. In the eye it may cause choroidretinitis. It is said that 2 per cent of apparently healthy people in Britain have been infected in this way. A course of treatment with thiabendazole is recommended, though the drug has side-effects and should be used with caution in the elderly.... toxocariasis
A toxin (see TOXINS) which has been rendered non-toxic by certain chemicals, or by heat, or by being partly neutralised by antitoxin. The best-known example is DIPHTHERIA toxoid. (See also IMMUNITY.)... toxoid
Poisonous or likely to be lethal.... toxic
Any poisonous substance of microbic, vegetable or animal origin. A substance that is harmful to the tissues.... toxin
Lesch.Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.
Synonym: A. indicus A. Rich. A. chinensis (Lam.) A. Rich. ex Walp.
Family: Rubiaceae.
Habitat: Assam, Bengal, southwards to Andhra Pradesh and western Ghats.
English: Kadam.
Ayurvedic: Kadamba, Priyaka, Vrtta-pushpa, Nipa, Halipriya. Kadambaka is equated with Adina cordifolia.
Siddha/Tamil: Venkadambu, Vellai Kadambam.
Action: Stembark—febrifugal, antidiuretic, anthelmintic, hypo- glycaemic. Fruit—cooling; anti- catarrhal, blood purifier, analgesic.
Family: Moraceae.
Habitat: Western Ghats from Konkan southwards to Trivandrum, up to 600 m.
English: Sacking tree, Upas tree.
Ayurvedic: Valkala vrksha.
Siddha/Tamil: Aranthelli, Mara-uri, Nettavil.
Folk: Jangali Lakuch, Jasund, Chaandakudaa.
Action: Seed—febrifuge, antidysen- teric (in minute doses). Latex— circulatory stimulant (in minute doses.)
The latex contains a series of poisonous cardenolides, of which alpha- and/or beta-antiarin are the main components. The total amount of crystalline cardiac glycosides in the latex ranges from 0.1 to 2.5%; alpha-antiarin from 0.0 to 1.38% and beta-antiarin from 0.075 to 1.44%. Antiarins are said to act on the heart more powerfully than digitalin. Beta-antiarin is more potent than alpha-antiarin.Latex, in small quantities, is a mild cardiac and circulatory stimulant, whereas in large quantities it acts as a myocardial poison. It stimulates intestinal and uterine contractions.As many as 34 Kedde-positive substances were reported in the seed sample from Indonesia. The latex sample showed the presence of 29 Kedde- positive substances.... antiaris toxicaria
OXYGEN toxicity in human lungs causes an acute OEDEMA followed by ?brosis and PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. In the neonate, retrolental ?broplasia occurs and centralnervous-system damage may result in the infant having ?ts. Several factors are involved in toxicity and there is no absolute relationship to time or concentration, although inspired concentrations of under 50 per cent are probably safe for long periods.... oxygen toxicity
This the main toxicology database of the National Poisons Information Service (see POISONS). It is available on the Internet (www.spib.axl.co.uk). Toxbase gives information about routine diagnosis, treatment and management of people exposed to drugs, household products and industrial and agricultural chemicals. Further information is available on 0131 536 2298.... toxbase
Toxic means poisonous. Auto-toxaemia is self-poisoning of the blood and tissues from absorption of bacterial toxins formed during infection from acute or chronic inflammatory disease; or due to defective excretory organs (kidneys, bowel, etc). Raw foods produce little waste, but putrefaction of meats and other acid foods in the intestine and colon create an environment in which hostile bacteria flourish. Retrograde tissue change may be brought about by an unhealthy lifestyle and diet where an accumulation of cell wastes dispose to congestion and decomposition.
Treatment. An eliminative group of herbs include: expectorants, diuretics, lymphatics and alteratives to promote chemical breakdown and expulsion of the body’s waste cell products.
Cleansing teas: Gotu Kola, Bogbean, Ginseng, Nettles, Alfalfa. Or, decoctions: Dandelion root (or Dandelion coffee), Burdock root, Yellow Dock root.
Tablets/capsules. Echinacea, Blue Flag root, Goldenseal, Ginseng, Poke root, Seaweed and Sarsaparilla, Garlic, “Natural Herb Tablet”.
Powders, Liquid Extracts, Tinctures. Combine: Echinacea 2; Goldenseal 1; Myrrh quarter. Doses. Powders: Quarter of a teaspoon. Liquid extracts: 30-60 drops. Tinctures: 1-2 teaspoons. In water or honey thrice daily.
Enema: Chamomile.
Saunas and sweat-promoting exercises; epsom salts bath.
Diet. Regular raw food days. Garlic, Onions, Watercress. Low fat, low salt, high fibre. Drink distilled water. Three-day fast once monthly.
Supplements. Vitamin B-complex, Vitamin C 1g thrice daily, niacin, sulphur, zinc.
Auto-toxaemia does not refer to the toxaemia of pregnancy, known as eclampsia, for which a different group of herbs is relevant.
Removal of dental amalgam fillings is believed to assist recovery.
Note: Toxaemia may be caused by the action of toxic molecular fragments known as “free-radicals” which corrode cell membranes and kill cells. See: FREE-RADICALS. ... auto-toxaemia
See preeclampsia.... toxaemia of pregnancy
a bacterial disease characterized by fever, shock, and multiple organ failure. It is similar to the *toxic shock syndrome caused by staphylococci, but in these cases the infecting organisms are *Streptococcus Type A bacteria. See also necrotizing fasciitis.... streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
n. the deleterious effects of a toxin; poisoning: includes any disease caused by the toxic effects of any substances.... toxicosis
n. a genus of large nematode worms that are intestinal parasites of vertebrates. T. canis and T. cati, the common roundworms of dogs and cats respectively, have life cycles similar to that of the human roundworm, *Ascaris lumbricoides. See toxocariasis.... toxocara
(TEN, Lyell’s syndrome) a severe reaction to medications with a high mortality rate. Medications causing TEN include sulfonamides, anticonvulsants, antiretrovirals, and allopurinol. Widespread separation of the dead epidermal layer from underlying skin occurs, with consequent problems due to skin failure: impaired temperature regulation, infection risk, severe pain, etc. Mucous membranes are commonly affected, including the eyes (sometimes leading to blindness), mouth, and genitalia. Multi-organ failure may occur. Treatments include stopping the offending medication, good supportive nursing (usually in an ITU or HDU setting), antibiotics where appropriate, and intravenous immunoglobulin or ciclosporin.... toxic epidermal necrolysis
n. a genus of crescent-shaped sporozoans that live as parasites within the cells of various tissues and organs of vertebrate animals, especially birds and mammals, and complete their life cycle in a single host, the cat. T. gondii infects sheep, cattle, dogs, and humans, sometimes provoking an acute illness (see toxoplasmosis).... toxoplasma
Health Encyclopedia