Trache Health Dictionary

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Trache: From 1 Different Sources

Trachea

The cartilage tube that brings air from the larynx to the two bronchi of the lungs. It is lined with mucus membranes and ciliated epithelia.... trachea

Tracheitis

In?ammation of the TRACHEA. It may occur along with BRONCHITIS, or independently, due to similar causes. Usually a viral condition, treatment may be unnecessary (see CROUP). A rare condition, bacterial tracheitis, is more dangerous as the patient produces large amount of thick, sticky SPUTUM which may block the airway causing respiratory failure and collapse. Treatment is by insertion of an endotracheal tube under general anaesthesia (see ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION), removing the secretions and using high-dose antibiotics.... tracheitis

Tracheostomy

Also known as tracheotomy. The operation in which the TRACHEA or windpipe is opened from the front of the neck, so that air may be directly drawn or passed into the lower AIR PASSAGES. The opening is made through the second and third rings of the trachea.

Reasons for operation The cause of laryngeal obstruction should be treated but, if obstruction is acute and endangering the patient’s life, urgent intervention is necessary. In most cases the insertion of an endotracheal tube either through the nose or mouth and down the pharynx through the larynx to bypass the obstruction is e?ective (see ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION). If not, tracheostomy is performed. The majority of tracheostomies performed nowadays are for patients in intensive-therapy-unit situations. These patients require airway intervention for prolonged periods to facilitate arti?cial ventilation which is performed by means of a mechanical ventilator. The presence of a tube passing through the larynx for a prolonged period of time is associated with long-term damage to the larynx, and therefore any patients requiring prolonged intubation usually undergo a tracheostomy to prevent further damage. Endotracheal intubation is also the preferred method of airway-intervention for acute in?ammatory disorders of the upper airway (as opposed to tracheostomy); tracheostomy in these cases is performed only in the emergency situation if facilities for endotracheal intubation are not available or if they are unsuccessful. Tracheostomy may also be performed for large tumours which obstruct the larynx until some form of treatment is instituted. Similarly it may be needed in conditions whereby the nerve supply to the larynx has been jeopardised, impairing its protective function of the upper airway and its respiratory function.

Tracheostomy tubes When the trachea has been opened – by an incision through the skin between the Adam’s apple and the clavicles; another through the THYROID GLAND followed by a small vertical incision in the trachea

– a metal or plastic tube is inserted to maintain the opening. There is always an outer tube which is ?xed in position by tapes passing round the neck, and an inner tube which slides freely out of and into the other, so that it may be removed at any time for cleansing, and is readily coughed-out should it happen to become blocked by mucus.

After-treatment When the operation has been performed for some permanent obstruction, the tube must be worn permanently; and the double metal tube is in such cases replaced after a short time by a soft plastic single one. When the operation has relieved some obstruction caused, say, by diphtheria, the tube is left out now and then for a few hours, and ?nally, at the end of a week or so, is removed altogether, after which the wound quickly heals up.... tracheostomy

Laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis

Also known as croup – see under LARYNX, DISORDERS OF.... laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis

Tracheotomy

Cutting of the trachea. (See also tracheostomy.)... tracheotomy

Trachelospermum Fragrans

Hook. f.

T. lucidum (D. Don) K.

Family: Apocynaceae.

Habitat: Temperate and subtropical Himalaya from Kumaon to Arunachal Pradesh and in Assam, Meghalaya up to 2,100 m.

Folk: Duudhi (Kumaon), Akhaahi- lataa (Assam).

Action: Used as a substitute for Alstonia scholaris.

T. jasminoides Lem. (Star-Jasmine), native to China and Japan, is cultivated all over India. Alkaline extracts of the leaf and stem show activity against yeast. The leaves and twigs contain dambonitol, cyclitol, arctiin, tracheloside, beta-amyrin and its acetate, lu- peol acetate, and a mixture of beta- stosterol, stigmasterol and campes- terol. A flavone glycoside was isolated from the butanol extract of dried leaves and several indole alkaloids from the alcoholic extract of dried leaves and twigs.

The leaves, stem and twigs are used for treating rheumatic arthritis, nervous disorders, urine retention and as a tonic for weak muscles or nerves.... trachelospermum fragrans

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

A rare birth defect in which an abnormal passage connects the trachea with the oesophagus. About 3 babies per 10,000 are born with this fistula.

The condition is often discovered soon after birth; diagnosis may be confirmed by X-rays.

Treatment consists of an operation to close the fistula and connect the trachea and oesophagus correctly.... tracheoesophageal fistula

Tracheal Tugging

a sign that is indicative of an *aneurysm of the aortic arch: a pulsatile downward tug is felt on the windpipe when the finger is placed in the midline at the root of the neck.... tracheal tugging

Trachelectomy

n. radical removal of the cervix in cases of cervical cancer when the women have not completed childbearing.... trachelectomy

Tracheoplasty

n. a surgical procedure to widen the trachea in patients who have narrowing (stenosis) of the trachea.... tracheoplasty

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