adj. through the jugular vein: a route commonly taken to gain access to the venous system to place lines or undertake interventions (e.g. IVC filter insertion and transjugular liver biopsies).
a state in which the pressure within the hepatic *portal vein is increased, causing enlargement of the spleen, development of *oesophageal varices (with increased risk of bleeding), and accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (*ascites). The commonest cause is liver *cirrhosis, but other diseases of the liver or thrombosis of the portal vein may precipitate portal hypertension. Treatment includes *diuretics, band ligation or beta blockers for varices, and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS). This involves the radiological implantation of a stent that bridges the portal and hepatic veins, thus decompressing the portal system. TIPSS has largely replaced *portacaval anastomosis.... portal hypertension
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